GENBIO: Plant tissues (Slide share)

Question 1

A group of collection of similar cells performing or help to perform same function and arise from the same origin.

Answer 1

Tissues

Question 2

Tissues are of different types depending on the functions of the organism.

The 2 main categories are..

Answer 2

1. Plant tissues

2. Animal Tissues

Question 3

2 main divisions of Plant Tissue

Answer 3

1. Permanent

2. Meristematic

Question 4

In this plant tissue, cells are capable of cell division.

Answer 4

Meristematic Tissue

Question 5

In this plant tissue, mature cells are incapable of cell division.

• Arise from the meristematic tissue.
• Its cells gradually loose their power to divide and acquire a definite shape, size, and function.
• May be living or dead

Answer 5

Permanent tissue

Question 6

2 types of permanent plant tissue

Answer 6

1. Simple permanent tissue

2. Complex permanent tissue

Question 7

The permanent plant tissue that is composed of a single type of cell.

• Comprises of the same types of cells which perform the same function and all arise from the same origin.

Answer 7

Simple permanent tissue

Question 8

The permanent plant tissue that is composed of more than one type of cell.

Answer 8

Complex plant tissue

Question 9

Three categories of simple permanent tissues:

Answer 9

1. Parenchyma “intercellular spaces”
2. Collenchyma “simple pit pair”
3. Sclerenchyma “wall thickening, cell wall, nucleus, vacuole”

Question 10

It is made up of the Parenchyma and Collenchyma.

Answer 10

Chlorenchyma

Question 11

Two types of complex plant tissue

Answer 11

1. Xylem

2. Phloem

Question 12

It makes up the Xylem.

Answer 12

1. Vessel elements

2. Tracheids

Question 13

It makes up the Phloem.

Answer 13

1. Sieve tube elements

2. Companion cells

Question 14

The tissue that is responsible for the growth of plants.

Its cells continuously divide and later differentiate into permanent/ specialized tissue.

Answer 14

Meristematic tissue

Question 15

5 characteristics of the plant cells or tissue

Answer 15

1. Made of thin and elastic cell wall made of cellulose.
2. May be round, oval, polygonal, or rectangular in shape
3. Compact, have no intercellular space
4. Large nucleus and abundant cytoplasm
5. Protoplasm - very few or no vacuoles at all.

Question 16

Meristematic tissue occurs at specific regions of the plant body because plant growth occurs only at these regions.

3 types of meristem:

Answer 16

1. Apical meristem
2. Intercalary meristem
3. Lateral meristem

Question 17

It is present at the apex of the main and lateral shoots and roots.

This tissue gives the plant body a linear growth.

Answer 17

Apical meristem

Question 18

This tissue..

• lies on the sides of the plant body.
• lies under the bark of the plant in form of cork cambium.
• gives the plant its width or girth.

Answer 18

Lateral meristem

Question 19

This tissue..

• present at the base of the nodes, internodes, leaves etc.
• present in between the permanent tissue.
• give the plant growth in length.

Answer 19

Intercalary meristem

Question 20

Characteristics of parenchyma cells

Answer 20

1. Living
2. Thin walled
3. There may or may not be intercellular spaces
4. Most unspecialized cells
5. No deposition are seen, cell wall consists only of cellulose.
6. There is a prominent nucleus, cytoplasm, and vacuoles

Question 21

3 special types of parenchyma tissues

Answer 21

1. Storage parenchyma
2. Aerenchyma
3. Chlorenchyma

Question 22

The cells enlarge to store nutrients and water.

Answer 22

Storage parenchyma

Question 23

Air cavities are present in the parenchyma tissue to provide buoyancy to the aquatic plants.

Answer 23

Aerenchyma

Question 24

These parenchyma cells have presence of chlorophyll and hence can perform the function of photosynthesis.

Answer 24

Chlorenchyma

Question 25

It is found generally in all parts of the plant body. It forms the ground tissue in leaves, stem, roots, and fruits etc.

Answer 25

Parenchyma tissue

Question 26

5 functions of parenchyma

Answer 26

1. To store materials
2. Its cells can perform the metabolic plant activities
3. Forms the packaging tissue between the specialized tissue.
4. Provides turgidity - mechanical strength
5. Chlorenchyma - helps in performing photosynthesis.

Question 27

Shapes of collenchyma

Answer 27

1. Lamellar
2. Angular
3. Lacunar

Question 28

Characteristics of collenchyma cells

Answer 28

1. somewhat elongated
2. thin cell walls except at angular region ( thickenings - due to deposition of cellulose or pectin)
3. 0 or less intercellular space
4. living; have distinct nucleus; dense protoplasm
5. often contain chlorophyll

Question 29

Functions of collenchyma cells

Answer 29

1. Primary function - provide mechanical strength
2. Provide flexibility
3. Photosynthesis; they contain chlorophyll

Present - below the epidermis in dicot stems and leaves
Absent - dicot roots and in monocot plants

Question 30

Features of a sclerenchyma cell

Answer 30

1. Thick secondary wall
2. Primary cell wall

“sclerenchymatous fibers and stone cells”