Gen Paeds/Developmental

Question 1

What are the 4 diagnostic assessment tools used for intellectual disability and their age range?

Answer 1

WPPSI- 2.5-7yo (prekindy/kindy)
WISC- 6y-16yo (6yo have whisk icecream)
WAIS: 16 and above

Stanford Benet- made by diff company, over 2yo

Question 2

Name one adaptive function assessment tool used for diagnosing intellectual disabilitu

Answer 2

There is an increasing shift AWAY from just using IQ measurement scores to diagnose ID.
ABAS-3 is one of the functional assessment tools which looks at their ability to carry out routine function

Question 3

What is the % of kids with dyslexia that have dyslexic parents?

Answer 3

40-60%

Question 4

Which gender is more common for dyslexia?

Answer 4

M

Question 5

What happens to Tics during sleep? Are they distractable?

Answer 5

Not present during sleep, distractable.

Question 6

3 components that define a tic?

Answer 6

Premonitory urge + the tic behaviour+ sense of relief post

Question 7

% of kids with tics that resolve, get better or persist after adolescent age

Answer 7

25-50% resolve
25-50% get better
25-30% persist

Question 8

Difference in diagnostic criteria for chronic tic disorder vs Tourettes

Answer 8

Chronic tic: Motor OR vocal tic, NOT BOTH present >1 year and not secondary to anything else

Tourettes: Motor AND vocal tic present >1 year and not due to anything else

Question 9

What neurodevelopmental disorder is most commonly linked with Tourettes/tics

Answer 9

ADHD

Question 10

Does ADHD severity impact outcome of tic disorder?

Answer 10

Yes.
Severity and treatment impacts on the prognosis of tic disorder

Question 11

Best treatment for tic disorder? Pharm and non-pharm

Answer 11

CBT is the best.

Pharm: a-agonist ie clonidine and guanfacine

Question 12

Where is the damage from HIE most likely to occur and why

Answer 12

Most commonly in basal ganglia, as its the most active part

Question 13

Rough age for the following milestones:
Sitting unaided
Crawling
Pull to stand
Walk

Answer 13

Sitting unaided: 6 months
Crawling: 8 months
Pull to stand: 12 months
Walk: 15 months

Question 14

Most common type of CP

Answer 14

Spastic diplegia
Then dyskinetic and then ataxic

Question 15

Full form of GMFCS and what does it measure?

Answer 15

Gross motor function classification scale
Measures self initiated movements and level of support required.

Question 16

Roughly, what are the 5 levels of CP

Answer 16

1= can walk independently
2= Require rail with stairs
3= Not able to walk independently, need assistance
4= wheelchair dependant
5= lack head control

Question 17

What is the full form of FMS and what does it measure in relation to CP

Answer 17

Functional mobility score
Measures level of functioning at home, school and community

6= capable
1= not capable

Question 18

How does Botox work, when is the peak effect post injection for CP

Answer 18

Anticholinergic effect- blocks transmission of signals between nerve and target muscle.
Peak impact ~1month post injection

Question 19

What receptor/neurotransmitter does Baclofen act on?

Answer 19

GABA

Question 20

What are 4 predictors of long term outcomes for CP

Answer 20

1. Persistence of primitive reflexes at 2yo
2. Gross motor outcomes
3. Type of CP
4. Intellectual impairment= good predictor

Question 21

Name 3 tools used to assess ADHD

Answer 21

Vanderbilt
Swanson, Nolam and Reiham (SNaP)
ADD-H: teacher’s scale

Question 22

Most common mental health disorder with ADHD

Answer 22

Anxiety

Question 23

Most frequently used screening for autism?

Answer 23

M-CHAT

Question 24

Rate of sleep difficulty in kids with autism

Answer 24

50-80%

Question 25

Erickson stages: Which one is preschool?

Answer 25

Preschool- feel guilty as first time leaving kids at school.
Guilt vs Initiative

Question 26

Erickson stages: Which one is teenage?

Answer 26

Identity vs role diffusion

Question 27

Erickson stages: Which one is infant?

Answer 27

Trust vs Mistrust

(remember, parents as being trust centre)

Question 28

Erickson stages: Which one is toddler?

Answer 28

Autonomy vs shame/doubt

‘Want to feed my myself’

Question 29

Erickson stages: Which one is school?

Answer 29

Industry vs Inferiority

School is an industry