Gen Medicine Flashcards
4 intsances when to Tx Paracetamol toxicity empirically
- 8 or more hours after ingestion
- serum level not available in 8 hrs
- uncertain timing
- unconscious pt with suspected OD
CPR Protocol
DRS ABCD
Danger
Responsive
Send for Help
effects of ACEI and NSAID on kidneys?
Decrease: 1. vasoconstriction (Efferent)
2. vasodilation (affarent)
MC complication of TURP?
UTI
Followed by bleeding
ejection systolic murmur radiate to carotid
AS …
first-line treatment for CMV pneumonia
IV foscarnet or ganciclovir
seizure prophylaxis med?
Phenobarbitone
alternatives: phenytoin or valproate
Tx steps of duodenal Atresia (4)
NPO
Nasogastric decompression
Intravenous fluids
Surgery—duodenoduodenostomy
1 st step in management of cyanotic spells in TOF…
Squatting position
1 st step in management of TGV…
PG infusion (to maintain patency of PDA)
1st line Tx acute pericarditis in Australia?
NSAIDS + Colchicine
1st line tx of GBS? guillain barre
IVIG
1st line tx of shigella?
Cipro
1st step in managemnt of RDS in neonates?
CPAP
1st trimester serum screening for downs?
PAPP —-low
BHCG……..high
2 hpoglycemics that can be used in pregnancy?
- Metformin
2. Insulin
2nd hyperparathyroidism is associated with?
hypocalcemia
2 protective and 2 detrimental effects of tamoxifen?
breast and bone protector
Causes DVT and endometrical CA
2nd complication of nephrotic syndome
Renal vein thrombosis (thrombophilia)
3 big organisms causing meningitis
strep pneumo
H influenza
Neisseria meningitides
3 day child with symptoms of HF and shock…what is wrong with his heart?
hypoplastic ventricle
3 signs need to dx lewy body dementia
- Hallucination
- Parkinsonism
- Fluctuating mental status
Is a CD4 count less than 350 indication to start HIV tx?
yes
viral load > 100000 indication for HIV tx?
yes
Hep B infection indication for HIV tx?
yes
Hep C infection indication for HIV tx?
NO
Neuropathy indication for HIV tx?
NO
Nephropathy indication for HIV tx?
yes
Tx of strep endocarditis?
beta lactam plus gent
Tx of staph endocarditis?
beta lactam, gent and rifampin
4 breech presentations
- complete ….completely flexed hip and knee
- Frank…..flexed hip extended knee
- kneeling….extended hip flexed knee
- footling…completely extended
5 year old with 5 day fever, skin and mouth and hand manisfestations, think?
Kawasaki Disease
5 year old, mother has FAP, when to screen?
for how long? Then what?
start screening at 12
screen until 35 yearly. then q 3yrs after 35
<5 years, wat to give for prevention of athsma?
SCG sodium chromoglycate
> 40 year old pt…solitary incidental lung nodule, wat to do? (2)
Previous xray
CT
when to use wafarin to prevent stroke
CHA2DS2 VASc score =>2
A baby is failing to thrive and has clay-coloured stools and jaundice which suggest
an obstructive lesion (biliary Atresia)
Ab for sclereoderma
Anti SCL70
Ab to detect CREST?
Anti Centromere
Abx producing similar disturbance to Botulism?
What is the disturbance?
Gentamicin…muscle paralysis
acute asthma attack, how many puffs kids? adults?
<6 ….6 puffs
Adults 12 puffs
Acute cerebral hemorrhage,how to tx pt on warfarin?
Give FFP,,,,vit k takes time
acute confusional state, is called wat?
delirium
acute gout management in pt with CKD?
Steroids…prednisolone
acute gout plus renal failure, tx?
Steroids
Acute Messenteric ischemia, what investigation to do?
i know it as CT Angio
Serum lactate (non specific marker seen lata)
Agent of choice for malignant HTN?
IV Nitroprusside
Ages of chlamydia screening?
15 - 29 yrs
Air in the biliary tree, think?
cholelithiasis
air-fluid level on radiography and the presence of foul-smelling sputum, indicates what?
Abscess is draining
All household contacts of pts with pertusis should be treated with?
10 day course of erythromycin
if allergic : Cotrimoxazole
All pts with egg anaphylactic reaction should recieve following in split doses under supervision:
Q fever
Yellow fever
Influenza
Anemia, High INR, Low ca, think
Celiac disease
Antibodies for Greaves Disease?
Anti TSH
Antibodies for Hashimotos (Hypothroid) (2)
Anti TPO
Anti Microsomal
Anticholinergic effects, think? DDRY
Dry, constipation retention
DRY …..Dry, Dilation Retention, constYpation
Antipsychotic with least side effect profile?
Quitapine
Appearance of vascular calcification in breast?
lines of calcification in both breasts….b9
Arrhythmia…….most common in Hyperthroidism is?Arrhythmia
Afib
Arterial disease with ABI<0.3?
CT Angio
Arterialdisease with ABI >= 0.5
Doppler US
At wat age do u start screening fo DM (in pts with no risk), how frequent?
40
q3 yrs
At what age do u screen for cholesterol?
45
B4 starting Azathioprine, what test should be done?
Thiopurine enzyme activity
low activity = good chance of side effect of azathioprine
no activity = severe reaction
Back pain + red eye, think?
Ankylosis spondylitis with Uveitis
Bed bound elderly with constipation and cramping pain, think?
Sigmoid Volvulus
Best diagnostic test for acromegaly
OGTT with serial growth hormones
Best dx modality for MS?
MRI of brain
best initial test for acromegaly
IGF 1
Best screening test for developmental dysplasia in the first 6 months of life?
After 6 months?
US
Xray
pt presents with acute gout, cant use NSAID or steroids, what to use?
Colchicine
best initial tx for ASpondylitis
NSAID
Major cause of erectile dysfunction? (2)
alcohol
smoking
drugs causing significant increase in HDL (2)
Nicotinic acid
Gemfibrozil
risk of dev. breast CA in old?
Old = Obesity = CA
OBESITY
Tx of vTach in stable pt?
amiodarone
Test to diagnose hemachromatosis?
iron studies (ferritin and transferrin sat)
Best test for diagnosing sliding hiatus hernia?
barium swallow
Best test to confirm aortic dissection? (3)
Spiral CT(angio)…MR Angio…TEE(fastest)
Best way to avoid HIV…………
condom
Bilatreal duct discharge, think?
mammary duct ectasia
mammary duct ectasia tx?
excision
Bilious vomiting without abdominal distention on first day of life
Duodena Atresia
Boy with anger problem, think?
TX?
oppositional defiant disorder.. ODD Psychological strategies (parent management training)
boy with LE cyanosis, dx?
R to L shunt
Breast mass in a 20 year old is likely?
Inv of choice
fibroadenoma or cyst
US
Bronchiolitis is seen in wat age? 12 words
<1yr old
brown sequard?
VP on my side Vibration N propriception Ipsi
motor …ipsi
VP on my side Vibration N propriception Ipsi
motor …ipsi
Depression
cancer associated with High ACTH?
small cell ca of lungs
Ottawa knee rules for requesting xray?
WAIT W==weight bearing difficulty A==age greater than 55 I==inability to flex at 90 T== tenderness at isolated patella or fibula head
Classic sign of ischemic hepatitis?
Elevated liver enzymes and normal bilirubin
Asthma pt resistant to initial tx, what to do?
Give IV Mag Sulfate
Canon A waves is related to what?
Complete heart block
Meds Causing angioedema? (2)
ACEI
Amoxicillin
Central lung lesions are dx by?
bronchoscopy
central vs nephrogenic DI, wat to see?
In central….Vasopressin cause increase in urine osmolality
In Nephrogenic…nephrons are not responsive to Vasopressin
child sexual abuse should be reported to?
Child protection agency
Child protection agency
report to child protection services
child’s frequent vomiting and microcytic anaemia suggest?
hiatus hernia with reflux
Cholinergic (organophosphate) poisoning results in?
DUMBELS Diarrhea Urination Miosis Bradycardia Emesis Lacrimation Salivation
classes of hypovolaemic shock
NAC_L Normal =1 Anxious = 2 Confused =3 Lethargic = 4
classic enzyme sign of ischemic hepatitis?
elevated liver enzymes with normal bilirubin
Common cause of unilateral tumor?
Graves Disease(thyrotoxicosis)
Compression stockings are contraindicated in 2 instances…
- diabetics
2. ABI< 0.8
Confirmatory test for SLE
dsDNA
Contributing factors for Dupuytrens contracture (3)
Family Hx
DM
Epilepsy
cranial nerves
OOOTTAFVGVAH
CURB 65 ….3/5
Confusion Urea >7 Resp >30 BP<90/60 age > 65 need admission and tx if >3 points
Cyanosis since birth (at 1 st day of life)…
TOGVs
Cyanotic spells in pt with TOF occur when (age)
childhood (not directly after birth)
How long before warfarin becomes active?
at least 5 days
Tx of GBS Buillean Barre ==1st line
== 2nd line
IVIG
Plasmapheresis
Blood volume lost in Motor vehicle accident determined as?
Pulse <100 = 15%
Pulse 100 - 120 = 15-30%
pulse 120 - 140 = 30 -40%
pulse >140 = >40%
Ursodeoxycholic acid will relieve symptoms of?
PBC (primary Biliary cirrohsis
Ab predicitive for poor clinincal outcome in Auto immune hepatitis?
Anti LKM
Ab present in Chronic auto immune hepatitis?
Anti Smooth muscle
Ab present in PBC
Anti Mitochondrial
Ab present in Churg Strauss?
PANCA
Cyst with cholesterol crystals, think?
Dermoid cyst
Diabetic Drug associated with increased risk of cancer
Pioglitazone
Diagnose polyarteritis Nodosa with?
Muscle biopsy
Diagnosis of herpes zoster?
Tzanck prep or viral culture
Diagnosis of Pyloric stenosis with?
US
MCC of ACS?
Acute thrombosis
Discharge pt with acute asthma on?
oral steroids……tapered down
DKA pt, first thing to check?
ABG
Drug of choice for essential tremor?
propanolol
drug of choice for opiate overdose?
Naloxone
Drug of choice for partial seizures
Carbamazepine
drugs to stop 1 week prior to suregery (4) WAAN
- WArfarin
- Amitryptilline
- Antiplalets
- NSAIDS
Glasgow Coma Scale Memory
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gE5gSU_8oHs
EVM (4, 5, 6)
Glasgow Coma Scale Memory - EYE
EYES (4)= ESPN EYE OPENS SPONTANEOUSLY =4 SOUND=3 PAIN = 2 NOTHING = 1
Glasgow Coma Scale Memory - VOICE
VOICE (5) = Our Country WIN O= Oriented (5) C= Confused (4) W = Words inappropriate (3) I= inappropriate sound (2) N = Nothing
Glasgow Coma Scale Memory- MOTOR
Cant Live Without FANs C = commands obeyed L = localizes pain W = Withdrawal to pain F=Flexion abnormal (decorticate) A= Abnormal extension (decelebrate) N = Nothing
Diabetic pt controlled on diet, what driving restriction?
None
Diabetic pt controlled on insulin, what driving restriction?
condition, reviewed 2 yearly
MCC allergy in kids in Australia?
food
Major side effect of Sulfasalazine? (2)
Thrombocytopenia and Agranulocytosis
screening and monitor of hepatoma (liver Cancer), use?
Alpha Fetoprotein
Testicular cancer screening with whcih 3?
AFP, BHCG, LD…Lactate dehydrogenase… all elevated
DA is related to what disease?
Downs Syndrome
Dx of adenocarcinoma and Large cell Ca (peripheral Lesion) is by?
Fine Needle aspiration
dysphagia b4 hoarsness, think?
Esophageal
Earliest sign of carbamazepine toxicity?
Diplopia
early dumping u find ?
hypovolemia
Early sign of snake bite envenomation
Nausea and vomiting
Ecg presentation of acute pericaditis?
Diffuse ST segment elevation
Ekg changes in Hyperkalemia? (3)
Tall T waves
Short qt interval
Increased PR interval
epiglotitis and croup age range?
6mths - 6 years
Erythema multiforme is often associated with which pnuemonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
Factor for chronic pain syndrome
Being a woman
Pt with rheumatic heart disease and Afib, what to give?
WARFARIN…..important CHADSVASC does not APPLY
to valvular afib
How long does Vit K take to reverse Warfarin?
6 - 12hrs
use FFP in that case of quick reversal
Hypercarbia or Hypocarbia, which causes ICP
Hyper…increased…Cabia
Factors predisposing to central sleep apnea? (2)
CHF
Neurologic condition ….stroke
First indication of Pagets Disease?
Elevated Serum Alk Phos
First investigation to any patient with AF…..
thyroid functions
first line tx of bipolar
Antipsychotics
first line of inv of scrotum mass
USG
then AFP
First line tx for AS? 2nd line
NSAIDs
Infliximab (biologicals)
First line Tx of trigeminal Neuralgia?
Carbamazepine
First test for salmonella? Best
Stool culture
Blood culture
First time seizure, isolated…advice to pt?
Do not drive for 6 months
formula fed white first born male with family hx and maternal smoke hx is at risk of?
Infant Hyperthropic Pyloric stenosis
MCC of death 24 hrs after MI in prehospital setting?
Vfib…..fibrillating heart cant do NOTHING
Drug class that commonly causes HYPONATREMIA
Thiazides
Condition not commonly associated with clubbing?
COPD
Management of superficial Thrombophlembitis?
NSAIDs
What is elevated in Pagets disease
Alk Phos
What to measure in PCOS plus results ?
LH/FSH ratio 2:1
LH Increased
FSH normal/low
Testotsterone Increased
1st line tx of BVaginosis
2nd line?
Clindamycin
Metronidazole
Major risk factor for Ovarian cancer?
Obesity (increaded BMI)
tx choice for adhesive capsulitis (frozen shouder)
Oral presdisone
what to do in a case of accidental additional paracetamol dosing? (2)
- Take blood sample within 30 mins
2. Contact poison center for advise
initial treatment of complete heart block?
Atropine
treatment of choice for complete heart block?
Transcutaneous pacing
tx of moderate to severe allergic rhinitis?
Intranasal steroids
what would cause syncope, carotid sinus hyper or hypo sensitivity?
hypersensitivity
how do you link SVT to diagnosis and tx?
sVt …..A..narrow complex with v upside down
V for vagal maneuver
A for adenosine
Unproven risk factors for PUD?
DACa –Diet
Alcohol
Corticosteroids
Initial presentation of myocarditis?
Dyspnea
When does risk of cardiac arrest increase with hypothermia?
temp <32
Frozen shoulder is? what to do?
progressive loss of active and passive ROM of shoulder.
1 st line ….NSAIDS
2nd line..Intra-articular steroids
ROSC, check?
Pulse and Pupil
Carotid pulse
Femoral Pulse
Pupils size and reaction to light
Goodpasture syndrome. wat organs are involved?
Lungs + Kidneys
hallmarks of BCS. hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome [BCS])
Tender hepatomegaly
Health risk for obesity?
Waist Hip ratio
Heart failure symptoms few days after birth…
hypo-plastic left heart $
Heavy drinker + smoker with confusion post surgery, what to check?
ABG
Hematuria, inc urea and creatine, arthralgia and foot drop, think?
do?
Vaculitis
biopsy
Hemianopia is due to damage of?
optic tract
hoarsness b4 dysphagia, think?
Larynx
HOCM is associated with what arrythmias?
Vtach
VFib
How do u detect pheochromocytoma?
24 hr urine cathecolamines and metanephrines
how do u determine if it is viral meningitis?
look for monocytes
how do u prevent Hyperuricemia in tumor lysis syndrome? (2)
Hydration and allopurinol
How do u test for Legionella
The urinary antigen test for Legionella
how do you confirm pagets disease?
Punch biopsy
How do you know pt has aspergillosis?
positive Galactomannan
how long do u give clopidogrel for in STEMI?
4 weeks
how long do u give clopidogrel for in NSTEMI?
12 months
How long to be on Clopridogrel after MI?
4 weeks
How long to keep pt on HRT for?
5 years, then stop
but continue if osteoporosis
How to follow Pt with DKA?
HbA1c
How to monitor respiratory function in any neurological disorders that can affect the respiratory muscles (e.g. GBS, myasthenia gravis).
FVC
HTN and unilateral renal tenosis, use wat?
HTN and bilateral renal stenosis, use what?
ACEI or ARBS
CCB or BB
Hx of DVT and Hyterectomy,use wat HRT?
Transdermal estrogen
with hysterectomy no need for progesterone
with DVT, use transdermal
Hx of hyperthyroid and AFib, use?
Carbimazole
Hx of recent MI, acute abd pain and metabolic acisosis, think?
Mesenteric Iscaemia
chronic cough and sputum production is classic symptoms of?
bronchioectsis
Anterior dislocation of shoulder damages which nerve?
Axillary “anterior–Axillary”
Drug of choice to reduce ICP?
steroids
Dexa
primary phenomenon in aspirin toxicity?
primary respiratory alkalosis
HTN in PKD is caused by?
increased activity in Renin angiotensin sytem
Vit A def is not seen in?
IBS
Ostenecrosis of jaw is commonly seen in?
IV Bisphosphonate. (not oral)
Most common presentation of arthritis in SLE?
Symmetric arthritis of hand joints
relationship of FSH/LF to testosterone?
LH Increases Testosterone
Long term use of SSRI can lead to?
Hyponatremia
Hypercalcemia is primarily seen in which Ca
Squamous cell Ca
Hypoalbuminemia equals ascites, give what?
spironolactone
Hypocellular or Empty fatty bone marrow, think?
Aplastic aneamia
Hypochondriasis vs somatization
Hypo believe he has serious illness
somatization is merely symptoms
immediate relief for a pt with depression
ECT
Important indication for obstructive jaundice?
ERCP
important risk factor for obesity?
waist circumference
In essential tremor which medication is better, primidone vs propanolol?
propanolol….less side effects
In cough due to bronchitis, expect what?
Productive cough
In esophagitis, Alendronate vs Zolendronic acid?
Zolendronic Acid
In MM best Investigation
Bone marrow exam
In MM, next investigation
X ray
In symptomatic bradycardia, wat to do? And if that fails?
Give Atropine
Then Transcutaneous pacing
In which disorder would you find concrete thinking?
Schizophrenia
Increased TSH , think also
Pituitary Adenoma
Indication for CT in acute pancreatitis?
Evidence of clinical deterioration
or
complications
The best initial tests in acute pancreatitis?
amylase and lipase.
The most specific test in Acute pancreatitis is?
CT scan.
Initial choice of investigation for Hemachromatosis is?
Serum Transferrin Saturation
Initial investigation in Myasthenia gravis?
Serum Antibodies (anti acetylcholine) AChR antibody test (most specific test)
initial investigation of DKA
urine ketones
Initial mechanism of hypokalemia in DKA?
K loss due to osmotic diuresis
Initial test for SLE?
ANA
Initial test of choice for asthma pt?
Siprometry (PFT)
Meds of choice to prophylax contacts of meningitis?
Rifampicin (contraindicated in pregnancy, liver disease,alcoholism)
Cipro (avoid in under 12yrs and pregnancy)
clean wound cant remember doses of vaccination, give
Toxoid
Dirty wound, cant remember or incomplete vaccination, give
IVIG, Toxoid and abx
Investigation Acute Leukemia
Bone marrow apiration
Investigation for Obstructive sleep Apnea?
Sleep study
Investigation of stress incontinence?
Urodynamic studies
Iraqi pt with sytolic murmur, Think?
Rheumatic fever
Ischemic rest pain vs Muscular cramping
IRP—felt on foot and toes…burning&throbing
Muscular cramping—-calfs
Joints involved in OA?
Carpometacarpal joint
Joints involved in RA?
MCP
PIP
Key clinical feature of orbital floor fracture?
Diplopia
Late dumping u find ?
Hypoglycemia
Leukotriene inhibitor use is associated with an increased incidence of which disease?
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Long term management of cluster headache is (2)?
CCB
Lithium
Long term management of SLE
Hydrochloroquin
Long term use of what medication causes Gynaecomastia?
Cimetidine
Low TSH and normal T3?T4 is called what?
Associated with what?
Subclinical Hyperthroidism
Afib
Main ttt of prolonged itching after scabies……..
steroid
Malaria prophylaxis to regions? CDM
Chloroquin …….Central America
Doxycycline…….Thai
Mefloquin…….S America and Africa
Primaquine if allergic to Mefloquine
Malignant HTN in pregnancy , use?
Hydralazine
Man afraid of prostate cancer but symptomatic 1st 3 steps?
1 st step……….DRE
2 nd step………PSA
3 rd step……..US and biopsy
Man afraid of prostate cancer but
asymptomatic what to do?
reassure even if (+) family history
Management of Acute Pulmonary Oedema?
MONa_D
Morphine O2 Nitrates and Diuretics
MC cardiac defect in turners syndrome is?$
Bicuspid aortic valve
then
Coarctation
Mc cause of death in hemachromatosis…
Liver
MC complication of GERD
esophagitis
what increases risk of pseudogout?
hypothyroidism
what is the aim of initial treating NSTEMI?
prevent new thrombus from forming?
what is the aim of treating STEMI?
Break formed Thrombus
Initial Tx of NSTEMI
CAH…..clopidogriel 600mg
Aspirin 300mg
Heparin (therapeutic dose)
MC symptom of pagets?
Bone pain
botulism binds where? b4?
presynapse
long standing GERD, what to do?
scope pt
Initial diagnosis of GERD?
24 Hr PH monitoring
confirmation of Graves disease, do?
Anti TSH Recepto Ab
Elevated BNP is found in what organs?
Heart and Kidney diseases
what is the target HBA1C for persons with recurrent hypogylcemic episodes?
<8 (not <7 as with everyone else)
first line tx of diabetic Neuropathy
Amitrptyline
MCC of anaphylaxis in Australia?
Drugs
Pt started on antisychotics, start recurrent fainting what to think?
Long QT syndrome
pt with positive screening for pheochromocytoma( serum or urine), what to do next?
CT to localize tumor
MIBG next
which drug most commonly induces hirsutism?
Sodium Valproate
Pt with Hypercalcemia, not responding to fluids, what to give?
IV Bisphosphonate (ZeePee) not Alendronate which is oral Zelendronate or pamidronate
After an episode of MI, a systolic murmur develops, think?
Papillary muscle Dysfunction»Mitral Regurgitation (NOT RUPTURE)
MR ___MI
Most reliable screening test for Hemachromatosis?
Transferrin saturation (serum)
pt with glicazide induced hypogycemia was stabilized, what to do next?
iv dextrose for 24-48 hrs
tx of acidemia in cardiac arrest?
chest compression
How do you assess severity of chronic airway disease in a stable pt
Hx and bedside spirometry
How long wouls asplenic pt without other comorbid conditions take abx for?
6 months
Pts with leukemia and thrombocytosis are prone to what kind of bleeding? Remeber girl with Leukemia at GPHC
Mucocutaneous
when do we use new oral anticoagulants? (2)
- Non valvular afib
2. elective hip and knee surgery prophylaxis
Tx of meningitis caused by Listeria Monocytogens
Amp And Gent (always add amp in Listeria)
what to check for in hereditary angioedema
c1 and c4 low
what to check for in acquired angioedema
c1q low ( q for aQuired)
Contraindication to use of Thiazolinedione?
Heart and liver
Liver is relative contra
mode of action of sulphonyureas?
stimulate insulin secretion
Pt on levodopa, later develops xs involutary movement, what to do?
Decrease dose of drug
what vessel is affected in left lateral meduallary syndrome (wallenberg)
PICA
Difference between lateral and medial medullary syndrome?
Medial = medium = preserved Pain and Temperature/facial sensation
Drug that does not cause SLE
Nitrofurintoin
Mechanism of action of exenatide?
release insulin from pancreas…..glucose dependent
What do u find in euthyroid sick syndrome?
everything normal…T3 LOW
First step in DKA
Fluids fluids fluids
Ptosis and miosis?
Horners syndrome
Ptosis and dilated pupil?
3rd cranial nerve….down and out
Ptosis and diplopia?
Myasthenia Gravis
Adult with pyloric stenosis when does he vomit?
within 1 hour
tx of HTN in pheochromocytoma?
Phenoxybenzamine
Tx of Salmonella
Cipro or zmax
Vit A toxicity leads to hepato or Nephro toxicity?
Hepato……stored in the liver
pagets disease most commony affects?
pelvis ppp pagets pelvis palmindronate
prognosis of systolic chf
jvp
s3 (presence or absence
Lab Presentation of Legionnaires?
Hyponatremia and deranged liver function
Analogue of Niacin?
ISoniazide
Iso suppresses endogenous niacin and B3 should be given to prevent Pellagra (DDDD) dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis death
What condition increases risk of acute renal failure?
Advanced Liver cirrhosis
Mnemonic for stroke…Stroke is a TA BEFAST
TX: TA Thrombolytics Antiplatelets
BEFAST: Balance Eye Face Arms Speech Time to call
How do u remember exudate fluids?
executives think high of themselves –High levels
They are toxic – Acidic fluid
Causes of exudative fluids?
Caused by infection and cancer
Causes of transudate Fluid
cirrhosis, CHF , Nephrotic, Hypoalbumin
mc symptom of addisons disease?
weakness
Vertigo and dizziness, think all 4 and distinguish
Mean LGBTnooooo LVBT
Meniere Disease chronic similar to Lab.
Labrynitis –with hearing loss
Vestibular neuritis (post inf similar to BPPV but negative Dix Hallpike test…NO HEARING LOSS)
BPPV- Positive Dix Hallpike
Pt presents 3 weeks post MI fever and pericardial rub, what is it?
Tx?
Dresslers syndrome
Aspirin
Pt <30 years , positive TB skin test , what to do?
INH for 12 months (chemoprophylaxis with isoniazide for 12 months)
Pt with poor response to Levodopa, think?
Parkinson plus syndrome
when does pt need OGTT (2)
Fasting blood glucose 5.5 - 6.9
Random glucose 5.5 - 11.0
>7.0 = Diabetes
>11.1= Diabetes
First step in diabetic obese patient….
lose weight and diet
First step in diabetic thin patient……
metformin
Type of carbohydrate……
complex not simple
Never give K to DKA patient except
after passing urine
First step in DKA…..
normal saline not insulin
Most imp inv in DKA……
…ABG
Most common complication during ttt of DKA…..
hypoglycemia
Most serious complication during ttt of DKA….
.cerebral edema
