GEN CHEM 3

Question 1

It refers to the capacity to do work.

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

It has neither mass nor volume.

Answer 2

Energy

Question 3

Has no concrete form, but it can only be detected based on its effects.

Answer 3

Energy

Question 4

is the study of the energy changes associated with chemical processes.

Answer 4

Thermochemistry

Question 5

is the study of energy and its transformations.

Answer 5

Thermodynamics

Question 6

allows us to “keep track” of energy change.

Answer 6

The first law of thermodynamics

Question 7

is defined as the energy that is either released or absorbed due to differences in temperature conditions.

Answer 7

Heat

Question 8

is defined as the result of a force acting through some distance

Answer 8

Work

Question 9

is a region containing energy and/or matter that is separated from its surroundings by arbitrarily imposed walls or boundaries.

Answer 9

system

Question 10

Everything external to the system is—

Answer 10

surroundings

Question 11

When heat is lost by the system, it must be transferred to the surroundings. In such a case

Answer 11

qsys is negative, and qsurr is positive

Question 12

When heat is absorbed by the system, it is taken from the surroundings, so

Answer 12

qsys is positive (qsurr is negative).

Question 13

When qsys >0, the reaction is

Answer 13

endothermic

Question 14

A reaction in which qsys < 0 is called an

Answer 14

exothermic reaction

Question 15

The total energy of the universe is

Answer 15

finite

Question 16

work is done by the system on the surroundings.

Answer 16

Expansion

Question 17

Work done by the system is—because the system now has that much less energy.

Answer 17

ALWAYS NEGATIVE

Question 18

work is done on the system by the surroundings.

Answer 18

Compression

Question 19

Work done on the system is–. Energy from the surroundings is transferred into the system, so the system gains that energy.

Answer 19

ALWAYS POSITIVE

Question 20

Some chemical reactions are accompanied by either the

Answer 20

absorption or liberation of heat.

Question 21

The total heat absorbed or liberated in a chemical reaction is called

Answer 21

heat of reaction.

Question 22

The heat content of the reacting system is known as the–. It is the total energy of a system at constant pressure.

Answer 22

enthalpy, H

Question 23

Enthalpy can be experimentally determined by performing

Answer 23

calorimetry

Question 24

a reaction is carried out inside an insulated vessel then the temperature is measured before and after the reaction.

Answer 24

calorimetry

Question 25

When the ΔH is positive, the chemical reaction is described as

Answer 25

endothermic

Question 26

When ΔH is negative, the chemical reaction is described as

Answer 26

exothermic.

Question 27

are properties of a solution that depend only on the number and not on the identity of the solute particles.

Answer 27

Colligative properties

Question 28

The Different Colligative properties of Solution

Answer 28

(1) vapor pressure lowering; (2) boiling point elevation; (3) freezing point depression;
and Osmotic pressure

Question 29

a direct measure of escaping tendency of molecules. A pure liquid (solvent) in a closed container will establish
equilibrium with its vapor.

Answer 29

Vapor Pressure Lowering

Question 30

A substance that has no measurable vapor pressure is

Answer 30

nonvolatile

Question 31

one that exhibits a vapor pressure is

Answer 31

volatile

Question 32

is the difference in
temperature between the boiling point of the pure
solvent and that of the solution

Answer 32

boiling point elevation

Question 33

The addition of a nonvolatile solute lowers the vapor pressure of the solution; consequently the temperature must be raised to
restore the vapor pressure of the solution to the value conforming to the pure solvent.

Answer 33

Boiling Point Elevation

Question 34

a substance is the temperature at which the solid and liquid forms can coexist indefinitely, at equilibrium.

Answer 34

Freezing Point Depression

Question 35

is the tendency of solvent molecules to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a more concentrated
region.

Answer 35

Osmosis

Question 36

the dependence on the
concentration of the solution.

Answer 36

Osmotic Pressure