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long test > GEN BIO 2 > Flashcards

GEN BIO 2 Flashcards

1
Q

capable of producing their own food using inorganic sources or sunlight

A

Autotrophs

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2
Q

rely on consuming organic matter from other organisms to meet their nutritional needs

A

heterotrophs

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3
Q

any of the group of multicellular eukaryotic organisms That have developed muscles and hence mobility

A

Animals (Heterotrophs)

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4
Q

can be found on land, in the water, in the air, and even in other organisms. They are capable of converting sunlight or inorganic substances into usable energy through processes like photosynthesis or chemosynthesis

A

Plants (autotroph)

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5
Q

Eat plants

A

Herbivores

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6
Q

Eats meat

A

Carnivores

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7
Q

All eaters

A

Omnivores

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8
Q

Eats detritus

A

Detritivores

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9
Q

Feeds on host’s nutrients

A

Parasites

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10
Q

Feeds on dead and decaying animals

A

Saprophytes

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11
Q

Obtain food by filtering out organic matter or minute organisms from a current of water

A

Filter feeders

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12
Q

transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other essential substances throughout the body.

A

The Circulatory System

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13
Q

responsible for breaking down food into nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body for energy, growth, and repair.

A

The Digestive System

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14
Q

substances that provide a source of energy and materials for growth and repair of the body.

A

Nutrients

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15
Q

the complex process of turning the food you eat into nutrients,

A

Digestion

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16
Q

connects all the cells, tissues, and organs of the body

A

The Circulatory System

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17
Q

the process when air is taken in and out of the body

A

Breathing

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18
Q

The delivery of oxygen to the cell and elimination of carbon dioxide and the release of energy

A

Respiration

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19
Q

The principal respiratory organs

A

Lungs

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20
Q

What animals have that allows them to breathe under water

A

Gills

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21
Q

monitor and respond to the internal changes, as well as external changes in order to maintain homeostasis

A

The Nervous System

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22
Q

The primary organ of the nervous system, which interprets signals from the environment, communicates, and coordinates body processes.

A

Brain

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23
Q

responsible for the movements you make

A

Skeletal Muscles

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24
Q

Partly controls the skeletal muscles that are attached to the bones

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

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25
Q

a collective term used to represent the sex organs

A

gonads

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26
Q

produced by the testes and ovaries

A

gametes (Sex cells)

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27
Q

All life on earth is directly and indirectly dependent on _________

A

plants

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28
Q

Plants use specialized tissue, called ___________________ to transport water, nutrients, and the products of photosynthesis all over to the different parts of the plants.

A

vascular tissues

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29
Q

responsible for the transport of water and dissolved ions from the roots upwards through the plant

A

Xylem

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30
Q

transports sugars, amino acids, and some ions all through out the plant

A

Phloem

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31
Q

Leaves have __________ that can capture and process light energy in the process called photosynthesis.

A

chlorophyll

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32
Q

The _______ absorb inorganic nutrients and water from the soil

A

roots

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33
Q

The _______ transport materials between the roots to the parts of the plants

A

stem

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34
Q

Its function is to open and shut the small opening called stomata in between it.

A

guard cells

35
Q

To allow water vapor and other gases to pass into in or out of the leaf when necessary, the ___________ contains guard cells.

A

lower epidermis

36
Q

the growing or moving their stems, leaves, and roots toward or away from the stimulus.

A

Tropism

37
Q

Plants response to light

A

Phototropism

38
Q

Plants response to gravity

A

Geotropism

39
Q

Plants response to touch

A

Thigmotropism

40
Q

Plants response to water

A

Hydrotropism

41
Q

________ are found in the region where the leaf connects to the stem and enables tropism.

A

motor cells

42
Q

a male sperm-producing gametophyte

A

pollen

43
Q

female sex cells are contained within ________

A

plant ovules

44
Q

something that has equal proportions, steadiness, or evenness

A

balance or equilibrium

45
Q

the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment.

A

homeostasis

46
Q

respond to change or stimuli to keep the system in its optimum condition.

A

feedback loops

47
Q

has an ability to amplify itself.

A

positive feedback

48
Q

In most cases, _________ is harmful, when used in a limited fashion, contributes to normal function.

A

positive feedback

49
Q

the effectors of a process support the stimulus, increasing the production of the other product. A Feedback loop that amplifies the starting signal.

A

positive feedback

50
Q

hormone that stimulates uterine contraction

A

oxytocin

51
Q

the processes of maintaining internal balance or equilibrium.

A

Homeostasis

52
Q

the body must be kept at a constant temperature of ______

A

37 °C.

53
Q

Thermoregulation

A

Body Temperature

54
Q

Glucoregulation

A

Sugar levels

55
Q

Osmoregulation

A

Water and ion levels

56
Q

Body temperature is monitored and controlled by temperature receptors in the _________

A

skin and brain.

57
Q

The thermoregulatory center in the brain is the gland called the _________

A

hypothalamus.

58
Q

the homeostatic responses if the external temperature drops

A

Shivering, Vasoconstriction

59
Q

the homeostatic responses if the external temperature increases

A

Sweating, Vasodilation

60
Q

The narrowing of blood vessels

A

vasoconstriction

61
Q

The widening of blood vessels

A

Vasodilation

62
Q

When cold, blood vessels narrow to limit the passage of blood and thus conserving a certain amount of heat which results in the turning pale in color.

A

vasoconstriction

63
Q

During high-temperature, blood vessels dilate, allowing more blood to flow to release heat inside the body resulting in the flushing red in color.

A

Vasodilation

64
Q

The human body is about 60-70% of ________

A

water

65
Q

Loss of too much water in the body and can damage cells and organ failure.

A

Dehydration

66
Q

the organ that filter waste products from the blood and control water balance in the body.

A

Kidneys

67
Q

a type of sugar used by the body to provide energy.

A

Glucose

68
Q

Blood glucose levels are monitored and controlled by the _________

A

pancreas

69
Q

released when blood glucose levels are high

A

Insulin

70
Q

released when blood glucose levels are low

A

Glucagon

71
Q

One who’s body temperature vary with the environment

A

Cold Blooded

72
Q

another term for cold-blooded

A

Ectotherm

73
Q

One who’s body is capable of maintaining homeostasis despite the environment

A

Warm Blooded

74
Q

another term for warm-blooded

A

Endotherm

75
Q

tissues that causes primary growth (lengthening of plants)

A

Apical Meristems

76
Q

Occurs at the tips of shoots and roots

A

Apical Meristems

77
Q

Produces leaves and flowers

A

Apical Meristems

78
Q

Causes secondary growth (widening of plants)

A

Lateral Meristems

79
Q

occurs at the cambium

A

Lateral Meristems

80
Q

produces barks on trees

A

Lateral Meristems

81
Q

found in the epidermis that is waxy, transparent, prevents water loss

A

Cuticle

82
Q

packaging tissue, storage, gaseous exchange, osmosis

A

Parenchyma

83
Q

support, strength, flexible walls, can photosynthesize

A

Collenchyma

84
Q

strength and rigidity,

A

Sclerenchyma

long test (12 decks)

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