GEC-PC Lesson 1-3 Flashcards
It is derived from the Latin “communicare” which means to impart, share or make common.
COMMUNICATION
Is a process of sharing and conveying message or information from one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures.
COMMUNICATION
posits that communication is “the transmission of messages via verbal and non-verbal cues”.
ANG (2004)
asserts that “communication is a transaction in which the participants are mutually engaged in the process of creating meaning”.
CAMEAUX (1996)
It is a process
NATURE OF COMMUNICATION
It occurs between TWO or MORE people (the speaker and the receiver).
NATURE OF COMMUNICATION
It can be expresses through words(verbal), actions(nonverbal), or both at the same time.
NATURE OF COMMUNICATION
When a message is expressed through spoken words, it may be either through face-to-face conversations or with the help of electronic mode such as telephone, cellular phone, etc.
ORAL COMMUNICATION
When opinions are exchanges in written form, rather then by spoken words. It may be expressed through charts, pictures and diagrams. It includes newspaper, reports, letters, circulars, magazines etc.
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
- The source or origin of information or message.
- It is also called the SOURCE, SENDER, or the ENCODER.
- It’s a person who sends the message.
SPEAKER
- The recipient of the message, or someone who decode the message.
- Is a person for whom the message is intended or aimed.
RECEIVER
- The information, opinion, emotion, ideas of thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions.
MESSAGE
- It is the process od converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands.
ENCODING
- The process where the information you would like to communicate gets transferred into a form to be sent and decoded by the receiver.
ENCODING
- The process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver.
DECODING
- It is the medium through which the message is delivered from the source to the receiver.
CHANNEL
- It’s the way you convey your message.
CHANNEL
- The reactions, responses or information provided by the receiver.
FEEDBACK
- The environment where communication takes place.
CONTEXT
- The factors that affect the flow of communication (ex. Emotional barriers, use of jargons, lack of confidents & noisy environment)
BARRIER
is body language, gestures, tone of voice, facial expressions, body posture, etc, used for conveying information.
NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
-It refers to the flow of information that conveys meaning without using words either spoken or written.
NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Physical appearance is one of the significant types of nonverbal communication that convey a strong message about who you are.
APPEARANCE
refers to the meta-communication elements of nonverbal communication that modify the message’s meaning.
PARALINGUISTICS
refers to the communication process through the head, hand, and hand movement, known as nonverbal communication using body angles.
BODY MOVEMENT
are a form of nonverbal communication that includes waving hands, nodding heads, and pointing fingers.
GESTURE
is one of the crucial types of nonverbal communication that is related to body position.
POSTURE
plays a crucial role in regulating the interaction and conveying the message.
FACIAL EXPRESSION
is a significant type of nonverbal communication that regulates and controls communication.
EYE CONTACT
occurs when people interact with the sense of touch.
HAPTICS
refers to the interpersonal space during communication that affects the interaction.
PROXEMICS
refers to the role of time during nonverbal interaction. It is not spoken speech; instead represents the gap between communication.
CHRONEMICS
Nonverbal artifacts in communication refer to the physical objects of the person, including the brand of clothes and shoes, car brands, Tattoos, Piercing, and Jewelry.
ARTIFACTS / ADOMMENT
The environment of nonverbal communication refers to the surrounding context of communication.
ENVIRONMENT / LOCATION
- It is a linear model where a sender transmit a message to a receiver without any feedback nor response to the receiver.
SHANNON WEAVER MODEL
- It is a communication model that proposes an ongoing exchange of messages, where both the sender and receiver influence what it communicated.
TRANSACTIONAL MODEL
Occurs in a circular way. Being circular implies that both the sender and the receiver echanges roles and participate equally in communication
SCHRAMM MODEL
is the heart of human interaction. There’s a need to communicate to gain knowledge, to create relationships, and to express our feelings with others.
COMMUNICATION
communicate for a reason and that reason has a purpose. According to Baba, there are general purposes that are relatively common in all forms of communication and these are the following:
COMMUNICATION IS PURPOSEFUL
- To learn;
- To relate;
- To interact with others as individuals;
- To help;
- To influence;
- To entertain;
COMMUNICATION IS PURPOSEFUL
There are individuals who are incapable of engaging to a verbal interaction which are the persons with disability. Therefore, there’s a need to adjust in communication to those particular individuals. The adaptive communication is pertaining to sign language.
COMMUNICATION IS ADAPTIVE
. It is not static; in the process, it is always changing from time to time.
COMMUNICATION IS DYNAMIC
There is no communication without those elements of communication. Each of the elements has its own function, and all elements work interdependently to make communication successful. To avoid miscommunication, there must be coordination and understanding to one another, hence effective communication can be achieved.
COMMUNICATION IS SYSTEMIC
Do not say what you believe to be false. o Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidences.
MAXIM OF QUALITY
Make your contribution as informative as is required for the current purposes of the exchange. o Do not make your contribution more informative than is required.
MAXIM OF QUANTITY
Make contributions relevant.
MAXIM OF RELEVANCE
Make your contributions clear
o Don’t be ambiguous o Be ordered and brief
o Avoid obscurity of expression and ambivalence of formulation ● In short, be true, be brief, be clear, be relevant.
MAXIM OF MANNER
– communication functions to control behavior.
CONTROL
– communication allows individuals to interact with others.
SOCIAL INTERACTION
– communication motivates or encourages people to live better.
MOTIVATION
– communication facilitates people’s expression of their feelings and emotions.
EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION
– communication functions to convey information.
INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
- is concerned primarily with human communication mediated by communication technologies, from print to radio, television, and any other adavanced electronic media.
COMMUNICATION ETHICS
- is fundamental to responsible thinking, decision-making, and the development of relationships and communities within and across contexts, cultures, channels , and media.
ETHICAL COMMUNICATION
- it enhances human worth and dignity by fostering truthfulness, fairness, responsibility, personal integrity, and respect for self and others.
ETHICAL COMMUNICATION
- threatens the quality of all communication and consequently the well-being of individuals and the society which we live.
UNETHICAL COMMUNICATION
- it is defined as the act of presenting numbers another author’s work and claiming it your own. It is “copying and pasting” passages without citing the source is considered fraud and, therefore, illegal and unethical.
PLAGIARISM
- it is a repetition of something someone has said in a way that is not accurate. It is misrepresenting or altering the meaning of someone’s work by taking it out of context.
SELECTIVE MISQUOTING
- unethical manipulation of data by increasing, decreasing, altering statistics or omitting data.
MISREPRESENTING NUMBERS
- Have you ever disappointed after ordering a certain item on the menu because they look much bigger on the photo? This is a business strategy with which the populace does not agree. Visuals are distorted by making a product look bigger/smaller to bait customers.
DISTORTING VISUALS
is the lifeblood of any organization and globalization poses new challenges to communication in any organization. One immediate effect is the increase in intercultural communication.
COMMUNICATION
as ‘the increased interconnectedness and interdependence of peoples and countries.’ This includes the opening of international borders to increasingly fast flows of goods, services, finance, people and ideas and the changes in institutions and policies at national and international levels that facilitate or promote such flows. (WHO)
GLOBALIZATION
is also evidenced as a structural phenomenon of growing and interfacing interdependence among different countries of the world, for which the effects of a motion sensed at a distance has resulted in a stunning spectrum of social, economic, and cultural changes that have shaped the world more than half a decade. Consequently, this evolution was galvanized by the emergence of digital breakthroughs and scientific development. The details are well-pronounced in the continuing landscape of swift communications and more accessible and shareable information.
COMMUNICATION AND GLOBALIZATION
- Communicating via online setting to other people that does not necessarily required in face-to-face interactions.
VIRTUAL INTERACTION
- Two people are speaking the same language, cultural differences can affect vocabulary, colloquial expressions, voice tone and taboo topics.
CULTURAL AWARENESS IN SPEECH
- To understand acceptable speaking distances, conflict styles, eye contact and posture in different cultures, accepting that the physical expressions of their own culture are not universally accepted.
CULTURAL AWARENESS IN BODY LANGUAGE
- The need to communicate and share information with people across several time zones. When people collaborate with others on the other side of the globe, their counterparts are usually at home asleep while they themselves are at work.
TIME DIFFERENCES
is a major effect of the process of globalization. THE world Health Organization, in it works focused on the cultural dimensions of globalization, has expressed the view that with the spread of satellite tv and mobile services,the costs of such information technologies dropped. The decreased price makes it easier for people across the world to make use of the World Wide Web and the resources available.
AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION
Globalization has influence global communication by implementing new techniques for business conduct among workers at international corporations. Long distance travels are no longer necessary for business people as they require a meeting with a business partner overseas. Internet technology makes it possible to exchange business information and conduct video conferences.
BUSINESS CONDUCT
- The availability of information,which is a direct effect of the development of global communication systems, has led to increased————– of people across the world. Information technology and networks enable them to share opinions, views, work on projects and research different areas. These are among the main reasons why the process of globalization is creating a sense of a global society.
SOCIAL AWARENESS
- Despite its quick spread and continuous development, global communication has not reached the majority of people on all continents. It is at least 70% of all people in Africa will never make a single phone call or use internet.
THE PROBLEM
- This style of communications RARELY or NEVER changes. It is “frozen” in time and content.
STATIC REGISTER
- This language is used in formal settings and is one-way in nature. This use of language usually follows a commonly accepted format. It is usually impersonal and formal.
FORMAL REGISTER
Example: Wedding Vows, The Lord’s Prayer, The Alma Matter, Bibliographic.
STATIC REGISTER
Example: Sermons, rhetorical statements, questions, and pronouncements made by judges
FORMAL REGISTER
- This is a standard form of communications. Users engage in a mutually accepted structure of communications. It is formal and societal expectations accompany the users of this speech.
CONSULTATIVE
Example: When strangers meet, communications between a superior and a subordinate, doctor and patient.
CONSULTATIVE REGISTER
- This is informal language used by peers and friends. Slang, vulgarities and colloquialisms are normal. This is “group” language.
CASUAL REGISTER
Example: Buddies, teammates, and chats and emails.
CASUAL REGISTER
- This communications is private. It is reserved for close family members or intimate people.
INTIMATE REGISTER
- One can usually transition from one language register to an adjacent one without encountering repercussions. However, skipping one or more levels is usually considered inappropriate and even offensive.
RULE OF LANGUAGE USE
