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1ST SEMESTER SY 2024-2025 > [GE 12] General Surveying II > Flashcards

[GE 12] General Surveying II Flashcards

1
Q

wet equivalent of topographic surveying

A

hydrographic surveying

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2
Q

art and science of compiling and producing charts/maps, of water-covered areas of the Earth’s surface; includes charting of water column parameters, geology of the seabed sediments and positioning issues

A

hydrography

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3
Q

study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water throughout the Earth

A

hydrology

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4
Q

deals with the mechanical properties of liquids

A

hydraulics

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5
Q

process that determines depths and terrain configuration of the bottoms of water bodies, used to prepare hydrographic maps, they are done on bodies of water such as a rivers, reservoirs, bay, harbor, lakes, or oceans

A

hydrographic surveys

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6
Q

hydrographer’s worksheet used in the field to plot the details of the survey while it is still in progress

A

boat sheets

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7
Q

office plots of all data gathered during survey. These represent the data after all corrections have been applied. Depths are commonly in fathoms (6 feet)

A

smooth sheets

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8
Q

sets hydrographic standards to be agreed upon by the member nations.

A

International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)

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9
Q

conducts hydrographic and physical oceanographic surveys and produces nautical charts, also the national hydrographic office of the Philippines and focal point for IHO and East Asia Hydrographic Commission (EAHC)

A

National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA)

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10
Q

hydrographic procedures for determination of depths

A

soundings

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11
Q

hydrographic procedures for determination of positions

A

locating soundings/point fixing

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12
Q

well-defined lines on courses whose position are known and along which soundings are taken

A

range lines

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13
Q

half daily cycle of rhythmic rise and fall of the surface of bodies of water due to the gravitational attraction of the sun and the moon and the rotating earth

A

tides

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14
Q

horizontal movement of water accompanying tides

A

tidal current

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15
Q

water surface is rising and moving towards the shore

A

flood tide

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16
Q

water surface is falling and moving seaward

A

ebb tide

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17
Q

high tide; max height of water surface above a standard datum plane on a given period

A

high water

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18
Q

low tide; greatest depression of water surface below a standard datum plane on a given period

A

low water

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19
Q

difference between the high and low tide at a location on a given date

A

tide range

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20
Q

instant when tidal current is changing direction and flows either in or out

A

slack water

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21
Q

direction (set) and speed (drift) of current flow

A

set and drift

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22
Q

idealized average period of 24 hours and 50 minutes between the occurrence of two successive high tides of the same type and location

A

tidal day

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23
Q

stand of the tide is the period around which the greatest peak or depression of the tides is reached and during which the changes in height of the tide is scarcely noticeable

A

stand

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24
Q

large head or front of water generated at the surface of oceans

A

tidal waves

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25
Q

specific tide levels used as surfaces of reference for depth measurements in the sea and as a base for the determination of elevation on land (localized)

A

tidal datums

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26
Q

fixed vertical monument used to reference a local tidal datum

A

tidal benchmark

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27
Q

process of measuring the depth of a body of water at a particular point

A

soundings

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28
Q

process of measuring the horizontal position of a depth of a body of water at a particular point

A

locating soundings

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29
Q

designed to measure the time of transit or difference in transit times of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere

A

electronic positioning systems

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30
Q

method of short range electronic positioning for rapid determination of position even under adverse weather conditions

A

shoran (short-range navigation)

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31
Q

principle employed in long range navigation, similar to shoran, except for the use and transmission of high pulses electromagnetic energy

A

loran (long-range navigation)

32
Q

a real-time, all-weather, 24-hour, worldwide 3-dimensional absolute satellite-based positioning system

A

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)

33
Q

observation/measurement on natural celestial bodies

A

geodetic astronomy

34
Q

an imaginary surface whose center is the earth, where all celestial bodies are contained

A

Celestial Sphere

35
Q

speed of rotation of the celestial sphere

A

360 degrees 59.14 minutes per 24 hours

36
Q

points of intersection of the axis of rotation of the earth and the sphere

A

celestial poles

37
Q

is a great circle perpendicular to the axis of rotation

A

celestial equator

38
Q

fixed by angular measurements from two (2) planes of reference at right angles to each other passing thru the center of the sphere

A

spherical coordinates

39
Q

an astronomic almanac containing tables giving the computed positions of the sun, the planets, and various stars for everyday of a given period

A

Ephemeris

40
Q

The Horizon System: the angular distance of the body from the horizon as measured along the vertical circle; complement of zenith distance

A

Altitude (H or a)

41
Q

The Horizon System: the angle, measured clockwise along the celestial horizon, from the north or south point to the vertical circle of the star

A

Azimuth (Z or A)

42
Q

The Horizon System: the angular distance between the zenith and the celestial body measured along the vertical circle through the body

A

Zenith Distance (z)

43
Q

The Hour Angle System: the angle, measured clockwise along the equatorial plane, from the zenith side of the celestial meridian (t = 0 degrees) to the hour circle of the star

A

Hour Angle (t or h)

44
Q

The Hour Angle System: the angular distance, north or south of the equator, measured along the hour circle from the equator to the body; complement of polar distance

A

Declination (D)

45
Q

The Hour Angle System: the angular distance between the pole and the celestial body measured along the hour circle through the body

A

Polar Distance (P)

46
Q

The Right Ascension System: the angle between the equinoctial colure and the hour circle of the star, measured from the vernal equinox, in the plane of the celestial equator

A

Right Ascension

47
Q

The Right Ascension System: the angular distance, north or south of the equator, measured along the hour circle from the equator to the body complement of polar distance

A

Declination (D)

48
Q

The Right Ascension System: the angular distance between the pole and the celestial body measured along the hour circle through the body

A

Polar Distance (P)

49
Q

The Ecliptic System: the angular distance, measured along the ecliptic meridian of the star, between the ecliptic and the direction of the star

A

Ecliptic Latitude

50
Q

The Ecliptic System: the angle measured counterclockwise along the ecliptic, measured from the vernal equinox, to the ecliptic meridian of the star

A

Ecliptic Longitude

51
Q

The Ecliptic System: the complement of the ecliptic latitude

A

Ecliptic Polar Distance

52
Q

the intersection of the observer’s horizon/horizontal plane and the celestial sphere

A

Celestial Horizon

53
Q

the great circle passing through the zenith, nadir and the poles

A

Celestial Meridian/Observer’s Celestial Meridian

54
Q

great circles of the celestial sphere that passes through the zenith and the nadir

A

vertical circles

55
Q

vertical circle that is perpendicular to the observer’s celestial meridian

A

prime vertical circle

56
Q

parallels of altitude, intersection of any plane parallel to the celestial horizon and the celestial sphere

A

almucantars

57
Q

The Horizon System: the apparent axis of rotation of the earth

A

Celestial Pole

58
Q

the point of intersection (at the top) of the observer’s vertical line and the celestial sphere

A

Zenith

59
Q

the point of intersection (at the bottom) of the observer’s vertical line and the celestial sphere

A

Nadir

60
Q

the point of intersection of the celestial horizon and observer’s celestial meridian nearest to the North Celestial Pole (NCP)

A

North Point

61
Q

the point of intersection of the celestial horizon and observer’s celestial meridian nearest to the South Celestial Pole (SCP)

A

South Point

62
Q

points of intersection of the prime vertical circle and the celestial horizon

A

east and west point

63
Q

a great circle in the celestial sphere perpendicular to its axis of rotation

A

celestial equator

64
Q

any great circle in the celestial sphere that passes through the north and south celestial poles

A

hour circle

65
Q

hour circle perpendicular to the meridian

A

6th hour circle

66
Q

intersection of any plane parallel to the celestial equator and the celestial sphere

A

celestial parallel

67
Q

intersection of the plane of the earth’s orbit around the sun and the celestial sphere

A

ecliptic

68
Q

point of intersection of the celestial equator and the ecliptic (when the sun’s declination is 0 degrees) following the winter season

A

vernal equinox

69
Q

point of intersection of the celestial equator and the ecliptic (when the sun’s declination is 0 degrees) following the summer season

A

autumnal equinox

70
Q

point on the ecliptic defined when the sun’s declination is greatest

A

winter/summer solstice

71
Q

a great circle in the celestial sphere passing through the celestial poles and the equinoxes

A

equinoctial colure

72
Q

a great circle in the celestial sphere passing through the celestial poles and the solstices

A

solstital colure

73
Q

instant when the star intersects the celestial horizon of the place (for equatorial stars only)

A

rising/setting

74
Q

instant when the star intersects the prime vertical circle

A

prime vertical crossing

75
Q

instant when the star intersects the celestial meridian

A

culmination/transit

76
Q
A

1ST SEMESTER SY 2024-2025 (3 decks)

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