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1ST SEMESTER SY 2024-2025 > [CE 41] Construction Plans (LE 1) > Flashcards

[CE 41] Construction Plans (LE 1) Flashcards

1
Q

serve not just to separate the interior from the exterior environment, but also to allow the inside and the outside to have a relationship that create a means to control moisture, temperature, and ventilation, all while presenting the building façade

A

building enclosures

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2
Q

depends on many factors, including the building size and height and the type of the ground surface and subsurface

A

foundation systems

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3
Q

the above-ground portion of a building, composed of a framing system and exterior cladding

A

superstructure

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4
Q

portion of a building below ground (which may be habitable)

A

substructure

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5
Q

the below-ground elements of the building’s structural system that transfer the building’s loads into the soil

A

foundation

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6
Q

these are designed to accommodate the load due to the structure’s expected use. Different systems are designed based on the occupancy information.

A

floor systems

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7
Q

control heat, ventilation, air-conditioning, refrigeration, plumbing, and noise reduction, are designed to integrate with the architectural, structural, and electrical systems.

A

mechanical systems

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8
Q

In this framework, building control is established by the mandating approving authorities such as the Building Official to ensure buildings and structures are compliant to these regulations and are adequately designed to ensure the safety of occupants.

A

National Building Code of the Philippines

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9
Q

are design guidelines prepared by organizations of design professionals in their respective trades and are referred to by the National Building Code of the Philippines in the design and construction of respective building systems and services

A

referral codes

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10
Q

this requires buildings and other structures to have adequate facilities to enable mobility within the building

A

Batas Pambansa Blg 344 - Accessibility Law

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11
Q

the practice of creating accurate representations of objects for architectural and engineering needs

A

technical drawing/drafting

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12
Q

an electronic tool that enables the rapid creation of accurate drawings with the use of a computer

A

CAD system

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13
Q

Types of Construction Drawings: During this stage, the designer prepares schematic design or concept-development drawings which are preliminary sketches.

A

preliminary-design and concept drawings

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14
Q

Types of Construction Drawings: these drawings are intended to be shown in an attractive setting for promotional purposes

A

presentation drawings

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15
Q

Types of Construction Drawings: also called construction drawings, these drawings include all the drawings and notes required by the different allied systems called “trades” to complete the construction project

A

working drawings

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16
Q

Types of Construction Drawings: these are technical drawings prepared by contractors and subcontractors, even suppliers who take part in the construction project to show how their product is made and/or assembled

A

shop and assembly drawings

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17
Q

Types of Construction Drawings: provide information about specific parts of the construction and are on a larger scale than other construction drawings. Scale: usually 3 inches to 1 foot

A

details

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18
Q

Multiview Projections: view of the horizontal planes of the building typically depicting the building as though cut approximately 3 feet from its floor

A

plan view

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19
Q

Multiview Projections: view of a vertical cut through the building’s components, it acts as a vertical plan and typically contains information on the elevation of doors and windows

A

section view

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20
Q

view of the vertical planes of the building, is typically viewed perpendicularly from a reference plane to show their relationship to each other

A

elevation view

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21
Q

a system for representing three-dimensional space on a flat surface

A

perspective drawing

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22
Q

are typically located in the bottom right-hand corner of the drawing frame

A

title blocks

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23
Q

indicate the cut surface in a section view. They usually consist of fine linework, typically angular, giving a tone to sectioned surfaces

A

section lines

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24
Q

consist of thin, broken lines of alternating long and short dashes. They identify as axes of symmetry of objects such as column, wall, or window

A

center lines

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25
Q

straight lines with zig-zag-zig offsets to show termination of a partial view or to omit portions of an illustration, thus allowing other more important options to be made larger

A

break lines

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26
Q

What are the Elements of a Built Structure?

A
  • Building Enclosures
  • Foundation Systems
  • Floor Systems
  • Mechanical Systems
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27
Q

What are the different types of Construction Drawings?

A
  • Preliminary-Design and Concept Drawings
  • Presentation Drawings
  • Working Drawings
  • Shop and Assembly Drawings
  • Details
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28
Q

What are the relevant regulations and standards for construction projects?

A
  • Architectural Code of the Philippines
  • Structural Code of the Philippines
  • Plumbing Code of the Philippines
  • Sanitation Code of the Philippines
  • Mechanical Code of the Philippines
  • Philippine Electrical Code
  • Philippine Electronics Code
  • Interior Design Code of the Philippines
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29
Q

protects the structure from external moisture by conveying excess moisture to the drainage lines, control heat gradient so that the interior environment is protected from drastic temperature changes throughout the day

A

roof systems

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30
Q

used in several parts of a building’s exterior to secure the interconnected parts from being penetrated by excess water. These components move water away to the drainage lines.

A

flashings

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31
Q

combinations of cladding systems which envelope the building or structure, shielding it from the immediate exterior environment

A

exterior walls

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32
Q

building openings that provide natural means of lighting and ventilation

A

windows

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33
Q

chosen based on the function of the space and the amount of foot traffic. There are various
selection of this including ceramic tiles, wood, PVC flooring, and carpets

A

finish flooring

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34
Q

has an effect on the manner in which a space is experienced and perceived

A

lighting systems

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35
Q

a drawing that represents a view of the project from above

A

plans

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36
Q

depict the exterior conditions of the building and describe materials to be used and important vertical dimensions

A

elevations

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37
Q

usually used to clarify the building design and construction process

A

sections

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38
Q

If the drawing is large that it won’t fit on a single standard sheet, _______________ are used to
align them across multiple sheets

A

match lines

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39
Q

show the light fixture placements and types, ceiling heights, and materials, and anything else found on the ceiling plane

A

reflected ceiling plans

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40
Q

These are drawn at a larger scale than the overall building plans, allowing more details, notes,
and dimensions to be represented. Details about cabinetry and wall sections are often referred
from these drawings

A

interior elevations

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41
Q

Order of the Uniform Drawing System

A
  1. Cover Sheet
  2. Index Sheet
  3. (H) Hazardous Materials
  4. (C) Civil
  5. (L) Landscape
  6. (S) Structural
  7. (A) Architectural
  8. (I) Interior
  9. (Q) Equipment
  10. (F) Fire Protection
  11. (P) Plumbing
  12. (M) Mechanical
  13. (E) Electrical
  14. (T) Telecommunications
  15. (R) Resource
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42
Q

Order of the Architectural Drawing Set

A

A-0: General
A-1: (F) Architectural Floor Plans
A-2: (E) Architectural Elevations
A-3: (S) Architectural Sections
A-4: (V) Large-Scale Views
A-5: (D) Architectural Details
A-6: (D) Schedule and Diagrams

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43
Q

its fundamental purpose is to protect the health, safety, and welfare of all people through the construction of safe buildings and environments

A

building codes

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44
Q

planar structural element that carry vertical load including its own weight; typically used
in building floors, roofs, and ceilings

A

slab

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45
Q

slab directly cast on ground level

A

slab-on-grade (grade slab)

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46
Q

supported in two opposite edges, the load is carried along one direction

A

one-way slab

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47
Q

supported in all four edges, the load is carried on both directions

A

two-way slab

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48
Q

supported only on one side

A

cantilever slab

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49
Q

longitudinal structural element oriented vertically that carries compressive loads

A

column

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50
Q

wall-like structural element that resists lateral loads; they are like reinforced walls

A

shear wall

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51
Q

a structural element, typically horizontal, that carries load in the lateral direction; resists shear and bending action

A

beam

52
Q

beam that connects or “ties” two or more columns together, particularly where columns are slender to reduce their effective length and prevent buckling

A

tie beam

53
Q

the part that transfers the load of the structure to the ground underneath; maybe classified into shallow and deep foundations

A

foundation

54
Q

used to refer to foundations but mostly to shallow types

A

footing

55
Q

foundation placed near the ground surface; used when the ground underneath can adequately carry the load of the structure

A

shallow foundation

56
Q

foundation that is used when the ground underneath is not strong enough to carry the weight of the building, and as such needs to reach deeper, e.g. the bedrock, to transfer the load of the structure to

A

deep foundation

57
Q

found in roof framings and typically runs from the ridge to the wall plate; usually lain in series along the length of the structure to support the roof

A

rafter

58
Q

a beam on the roof structure that runs along the length of the structure supporting the loads from roof sheathing or roof deck

A

purlin

59
Q

as the name implies, a member that runs longitudinally along the apex of the structure; supports one end of the rafters

A

ridge

60
Q

horizontal member that provide lateral support to the walls

A

girt

61
Q

the referral code of the National Building Code of the Philippines (NBCP) for all matters relating to structural design

A

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP)

62
Q

estimated by calculating the volume of the structural elements

A

concrete

63
Q

may be estimated in different ways with varying accuracy

A

steel reinforcement

64
Q

the amount of steel reinforcement, in kg, may be estimated as a proportion of the concrete
work

A

rule-of-thumb estimation

65
Q

In contrast, we can refer to the plan and measure the lengths of all reinforcement bars and then from it, compute the weight of steel required

A

reinforcement length estimation

66
Q

re bar unit weight

A

D^2/162

67
Q

What structural elements are typically found in construction projects?

A
  • slab
  • slab-on-grade (grade slab)
  • one-way slab
  • two-way slab
  • cantilever slab
  • column
  • shear wall
  • beam
  • tie beam
  • foundation
  • footing
  • shallow foundation
  • deep foundation
  • rafter
  • purlin
  • ridge
  • girt
68
Q

sheets of the construction plan set showing the details of electrical systems and installations in a construction project

A

electrical plans

69
Q

include details on telephones, intercommunication devices, public address systems, other communication systems, radio and television equipment, CATV and radio distribution systems, and also security systems

A

auxiliary systems

70
Q

a closed path in which electrons from a voltage or current source flow. Circuits can be in series, parallel, or in any combination of the two

A

circuit

71
Q

the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit (in watts)

A

power

72
Q

electromotive force or “pressure” that causes electrons to flow (in volts)

A

voltage

73
Q

the flow of an electric charge through a conductor (in amperes_

A

current

74
Q

the opposition to the passage of an electric current (in amperes)

A

resistance

75
Q

property of a conductor by which a change in current flowing through it induces (creates) a voltage (electromotive force) in both the conductor itself (self-inductance) and in any nearby conductors (mutual inductance) (in henrys)

A

inductance

76
Q

ability of a body to store an electrical charge (in farads)

A

capacitance

77
Q

electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals. The power delivered to buildings through transmission lines

A

alternating current

78
Q

A steady-state electric current that flows in only one direction. An example would be the current originating from batteries

A

direct current

79
Q

the current, in amperes, that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating. Short for ampere capacity

A

ampacity

80
Q

the voltage at which an appliance or electrical element is designed to work and the current consumption at that voltage

A

rating

81
Q

the connection between the terminals of the service equipment and a point usually outside the building, clear of building walls

A

service entrance

82
Q

the overhead service conductors from the last pole or other aerial support to and including the splices, if any, connecting to the service-entrance conductors at the building or other structure

A

service drop

83
Q

the underground service conductors between the street main, including any risers at a pole or other structure or from transformers, and the first point of connection to the service-entrance conductors in a terminal box or meter or other enclosure, inside or outside the building wall

A

service lateral

84
Q

usually consisting of a circuit breaker(s) or switch(es) and fuse(s) and their accessories, connected to the load end of service conductors to a building or other structure, or an otherwise designated area, and intended to constitute the main control and cutoff of the supply

A

service equipment

85
Q

a device used to measure energy use, installed by the power service provider

A

service meter/metering equipment

86
Q

a device that ensures that the rated current of the equipment or the ampacity of conductors. This includes fuse and circuit breakers

A

overcurrent protective device

87
Q

an overcurrent protective device with a circuit-opening fusible part that is heated and severed by the passage of overcurrent through it

A

fuse

88
Q

a fuse with provision for controlling discharge circuit interruption such that no solid material may be exhausted into the surrounding atmosphere

A

controlled vented power fuse

89
Q

a vented fuse unit in which the expulsion effect of gases produced by the arc and lining of the fuseholder, either alone or aided by a spring, extinguishes the arc

A

expulsion fuse unit

90
Q

a fuse with provision for the escape of arc gases, liquids, or solid particles to the surrounding atmosphere during circuit interruption

A

vented power fuse

90
Q

a fuse without intentional provision for the escape of arc gases, liquids, or solid particles to the atmosphere during circuit interruption

A

nonvented power fuse

91
Q

vented, nonvented, or controlled vented fuse unit in which the arc is extinguished by being drawn through solid material, granular material, or liquid, either alone or aided by a spring

A

power fuse unit

92
Q

a device designed to open and close a circuit by nonautomatic means and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without damage to itself when properly applied within its rating

A

circuit breaker

92
Q

Types of Circuit Breaker: can be set to trip at various values of current, time, or both, within a predetermined range

A

adjustable

93
Q

Types of Circuit Breaker: does not have any adjustment to alter the value of current at which it will trip or the time required for its operation

A

nonadjustable

94
Q

Types of Circuit Breaker: no delay is purposely introduced in the tripping action

A

instantaneous trip

95
Q

Types of Circuit Breaker: there is purposely introduced a delay in the tripping action; the delay decreases as the magnitude of the current increases

A

inverse time

96
Q

a conducting connection, whether intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit or equipment and the earth or to some conducting body that serves in place of the earth

A

ground

97
Q

a single panel or group of panel units designed for assembly in the form of a single panel, including buses and automatic overcurrent devices, and equipped with or without switches for the control of light, heat, or power circuits; designed to be placed in a cabinet or cutout box placed in or against a wall, partition, or other support; and accessible only from the front

A

panelboard

98
Q

industry term for panelboards used in residential or light commercial applications

A

load center

99
Q

large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted on the face, back, or both, switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments

A

switchboard

100
Q

any material where electric current can flow freely

A

conductor

101
Q

circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet

A

branch current

102
Q

all circuit conductors between the service equipment, the source of a separately derived system, or other power supply source and the final branch-circuit overcurrent device

A

feeder

103
Q

an enclosed channel of metal or nonmetallic materials designed expressly for holding wires, cables, or busbars, with additional functions as permitted in this Code

A

raceway

104
Q

any device used to interrupt the flow of electrons in a circuit. Switches are essentially binary devices: they are either completely on (“closed”) or completely off (“open”)

A

switch

105
Q

Types of switch: the most common one, used to control lights, fans, or
other devices from a single location. It has a simple ON and OFF marking

A

one-way or single-pole switch

106
Q

Types of switch: generally used in industrial applications but can also be found in home wiring systems. Like the single-pole switch, a two-way or a double-pole electrical switch may also have the ON and OFF markings on them. These switches control a device or equipment from more than one location

A

two-way or double-pole switch

107
Q

Types of switch: two-position devices actuated with a button that is pressed and released

A

pushbutton switches

108
Q

Types of switch: actuated with a rotary knob or lever of some sort to select one of two or more positions

A

selector switches

109
Q

Types of switch: a mechanical switching device used for isolating a circuit or equipment from a source of power

A

disconnecting/isolating switch

110
Q

Types of switch: a switch capable of making, carrying, and interrupting specified currents

A

interrupter switch

111
Q

Types of switch: a specific device or combination of devices designed to bypass a regulator

A

regulator bypass switch

112
Q

any electrical device that provide illumination

A

lighting fixture

113
Q

a complete lighting unit consisting of a lamp or lamps together with the parts designed to distribute the light, to position and protect the lamps and ballast (where applicable), and to connect the lamps to the power supply

A

luminaire

114
Q

point on the wiring system at which current is taken to supply utilization equipment

A

outlet

115
Q

an enclosed assembly that may include receptacles, circuit breakers, fuseholders, fused switches, buses, and watt-hour meter mounting means; intended to supply and control power to mobile homes, recreational vehicles, park trailers, or boats or to serve as a means for distributing power required to operate mobile or temporarily installed equipment

A

power outlet

116
Q

outlet where one or more receptacles are installed

A

receptacle outlet

117
Q

a contact device installed at the outlet for the connection of an attachment plug are installed

A

receptacle

118
Q

provide automatic backup power in the event of normal power loss

A

emergency power systems

119
Q

also provide automatic backup power in the event of normal power loss, but they have 60 seconds to engage

A

standby power systems

120
Q

Specifications-related terms: constructed or protected so that exposure to a beating rain will not result in the entrance of water under specified test conditions

A

raintight

121
Q

Specifications-related terms: constructed, protected, or treated so as to prevent rain from interfering with the successful operation of the apparatus under specified test conditions

A

rainproof

122
Q

Specifications-related terms: constructed so that moisture will not enter the enclosure under specified test conditions

A

watertight

123
Q

Specifications-related terms: constructed or protected so that exposure to the weather will not interfere with successful operation

A

weatherproof

124
Q

The design of electrical and auxiliary components of construction projects in the Philippines is governed by the __________________________

A

Philippine Electrical Code

125
Q
A

1ST SEMESTER SY 2024-2025 (3 decks)

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