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OCR GCSE P.E. > GCSE PE - Movement Analysis > Flashcards

GCSE PE - Movement Analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is meant by the term mechanical advantage?

A

A lever has a mechanical advantage if it only needs a small effort to move a large load

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2
Q

Which type of levers have a mechanical advantage?

A 
2nd class levers always have an advantage,
1st class lever can do, depending on where the fulcrum lies in the middle.
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3
Q

In the body what acts as a fulcrum/pivot?

A

A joint

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4
Q

In the body what acts as the effort in a lever system?

A

Muscles

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5
Q

What lies in the middle of a first class lever?

A

Fulcrum

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6
Q

What lies in the middle of a second class lever?

A

Load

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7
Q

What lies in the middle of a third class lever?

A

Effort

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8
Q

Identify the 3 planes of movement

A

Frontal plane
Transverse plane
Sagittal plane

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9
Q

Which plane runs vertically dividing the body into front and back sections?

A

Frontal plane

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10
Q

Which plane divides the body into upper and lower sections?

A

Transverse plane

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11
Q

Which plane of movement splits the body vertically into left and right sides?

A

Sagittal plane

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12
Q

What movements occur through the frontal plane?

A

Abduction and adduction

E.g. Star jumps

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13
Q

What movements occur through the transverse plane?

A

Rotation

E.g. a half twist in trampolining

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14
Q

What movements occur through the sagittal plane?

A

Flexion and extension

E.g. Leg running action

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15
Q

Name the 3 axes of rotation

A

Frontal axis
Transverse axis
Longitudinal axis

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16
Q

Which axis of rotation runs down through the centre of the body from top to bottom?

A

Longitudinal axis

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17
Q

Which axis of rotation runs through the belly button from front to back?

A

Frontal axis

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18
Q

Which axis of rotation runs through the body from side to side

A

Transverse axis

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19
Q

What movements rotate around the frontal axis?

A

Abduction/ adduction

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20
Q

Give an example of a sporting action the rotates around the frontal axis

A

Cartwheel

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21
Q

What movements occur around the transverse axis

A

Flexion/extension

22
Q

Give an example of a sporting movement that rotates around the transverse axis

A

Somersault

23
Q

What movements occur around the longitudinal axis?

A

Rotation

24
Q

Give a sporting example of a movement that rotates around the longitudinal axis

A

A pirouette in dance,

A full twist in trampolining

25
Q

Identify the 3 components of a lever system

A

Fulcrum, Effort and Load

26
Q

Give an example of a 1st class lever in sport

A

heading a football
fulcrum = neck joint
effort = trapezius
load = head

27
Q

Give an example of a 2nd class lever in sport

A

jumping up off the floor
fulcrum = joints between your tarsals/metatarsals
effort = gastrocnemius
load = body weight

28
Q

Give an example of a 3rd class lever in sport

A

the upwards phase of a bicep curl
fulcrum = elbow
effort = biceps
load = weight in hand

29
Q

During the upwards phase of a bicep curl, which type of lever is being used?

A

3rd class

30
Q

When going up onto your tiptoes during take-off when performing high jump, which type of lever is being used?

A

2nd class

31
Q

When heading a ball in football, which type of lever system is being used?

A

1st class

32
Q

During the upwards phase of a bicep curl, what acts as the effort?

A

bicep

33
Q

During the upwards phase of a bicep curl, what acts as the fulcrum?

A

elbow

34
Q

During the upwards phase of a bicep curl, what acts as the load?

A

the weight in your hand

35
Q

When going up onto your tiptoes during take-off when performing high jump, what acts as the effort?

A

gastrocnemius

36
Q

When going up onto your tiptoes during take-off when performing high jump, what acts as the load?

A

body weight

37
Q

When going up onto your tiptoes during take-off when performing high jump, what acts as the fulcrum?

A

joints between tarsals and metatarsals

38
Q

When heading a ball in football, what acts as the effort?

A

trapezius

39
Q

When heading a ball in football, what acts as the load

A

your head

40
Q

When heading a ball in football, what acts as the fulcrum

A

your neck

41
Q

What is meant by the term ‘Mechanical Disadvantage’?

A

it takes a larger effort to move a smaller load

42
Q

Which lever system has a mechanical disadvantage?

A 
3rd class lever always has a mechanical disadvantage
2nd class lever can do, depending on where the fulcrum lies in the middle.
43
Q

Although a 3rd class lever has a mechanical disadvantage, what is an advantage of this lever system?

A

you can move quickly

44
Q

Give a sporting example of a movement that occurs through the transverse plane

A

e.g. a full twist

anything that involves rotation

45
Q

Give a sporting example of a movement that occurs through the sagittal plane

A

e.g. running

anything that involves flexion and / or extension

46
Q

Give a sporting example of a movement that occurs through the frontal plane

A

e.g. star jumps

anything that involves abduction and / or adduction

47
Q

Which axis of rotation does a cartwheel turn about?

A

frontal axis

48
Q

Which axis of rotation does a full twist turn about?

A

longitudinal axis

49
Q

Which axis of rotation does a front somersault turn about?

A

transverse axis

50
Q

Which plane of movement does the leg running action move through, and which axis does it turn about?

A

runs through the sagittal plane and around the transverse axis

51
Q

Which plane of movement does a star jump move through, and which axis does it turn about?

A

runs through the frontal plane and around the frontal axis

52
Q

Which plane of movement does a full twist move through, and which axis does it turn about?

A

runs through the transverse plane and around the longitudinal axis

OCR GCSE P.E. (9 decks)

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