Effects of exercise on body systems

Question 1

What are short term effects?

Answer 1

Effects that don’t last a long time

Question 2

Name 3 short term effects on the cardiovascular system.

Answer 2

• Increased heart rate
• Increased stroke volume
• Increased cardiac output

Question 3

Name 3 short term effects on the respiratory system.

Answer 3

• Increased respiratory
• Increased minute ventilation
• Increased tidal volume

Question 4

Name 3 short term effects on the muscular system.

Answer 4

• Working muscles produce heat increasing muscle temperature
• Muscles fatigue due to lactic acid production
• Blood is redirected (muscular shunt) to working muscles to produce more oxygen to working areas

Question 5

What are long term effects?

Answer 5

Effects that occur when exercise is repeated frequently

Question 6

Name 4 long term effects on the muscular system.

Answer 6

• Increased muscle growth (hypertrophy)
• Increased strength in tendons and ligaments
• Increased muscular endurance due to mitochondria
• Increased resistance to fatigue / lactic acid

Question 7

Name 5 long term effects on the cardiovascular system

Answer 7

• Increased size of the heart (cardiac hypertrophy) making it stronger, forcing more blood out
• Decreased resting heart rate and stroke volume
• Heart rate recovers quicker after exercise
• Healthier veins & arteries
• Capillarisation - bigger capillaries causing more and quicker gaseous exchange

Question 8

Name 4 long terms effects on the respiratory system.

Answer 8

• Efficient gaseous exchange att he alveoli
• Increased tidal volume & minute ventilation
• Lungs get bigger
• Improved, more efficient & stronger respiratory muscles

Question 9

Name 2 long term effects on the body.

Answer 9

• Improvements in specific components of fitness

- Increased bone density