Gcse- Industry

Question 1

Describe factors affecting the location of an industry

Answer 1

Decisions in many cases are determined by predicting the site that will bring the most profit.
Site will be where cost of raw materials, land, energy, labour and transport are minimised.
Lastly where the biggest market for the product is.

Question 2

Physical factors affecting location of industry-

Answer 2

Bulkier materials are, closer factory should be to material to make transport cheaper.
Power and energy is required to functions machinery.
Site and extra land needed in case factory needs to be expanded.

Question 3

Human and economic factors affecting location of industry-

Answer 3

Cheap and skilled workers
Market that factory is producing is big
Cost to move bulkier and fragile objects is cheap

Question 4

What is a high tech industry?

Answer 4

Industry developed within the last 25 years

Question 5

How does the M4 corridor bring advantages for growth of the micro- electronic industry?

Answer 5

The presence of Heathrow airport.
Proximity of other associates industries which ideas can be swapped.
Nearness to universities with expertise and research facilities

Question 6

Why do similar industries locate near eachother?

Answer 6

Maintenance support and services can be shared.
Connecting roads can be shared.
High build up of skilled female labourers can be shared.

Question 7

How has government tried to get companies to reduce unemployment?

Answer 7

Creation of new towns in order to take work to unemployed.
Financial aid in form of rent free periods and tax relief on machinery.
Improving communications and accessibility.
Enterprise zones and help from EU.

Question 8

What is a TNC?

Answer 8

Corporation that operates in many countries regardless of national boundaries.

Question 9

Expand on a TNC

Answer 9

Headquarters are found in an MEDC.
Manufacturing and assembly points are found in LEDCs.
In 1970 there was only 700 TNCs but now there is 63,000.
TNCs employ 82 million people world wide.

Question 10

Advantages of TNC in a country-

Answer 10

Brings work to the country.
Local workforce receives guaranteed income.
Improves skills and educations of people.
Companies provide machinery and technology.
Leads to development of mineral wealth and new energy resources.
Widens economic base.

Question 11

Disadvantages of TNC in country-

Answer 11

Local work force is poorly paid.
Few skilled workers employed.
Most profits go over seas.
Technology reduces size of labour force.
Big schemes can increase national debt.
There is an insufficient attention to safety.

Question 12

Why do car industries opt for TBCs?

Answer 12

They found by locating all over the world they could get around trade barriers.
Reduce costs by having cheap labour.
Nearer to large markets.

Question 13

What are the characteristics of a formal sector?

Answer 13

Often transnational.
Regular hours available and regular wages.
It is legal.
Usually consists of male workers.
Jobs are usually in manufacturing industry.
Jobs are government created.

Question 14

Advantages of formal sector-

Answer 14

Uses skilled and unskilled workers.
Provides permanent jobs and regular wages.
Produces goods for richer people in same country.
Waste materials provide raw materials for informal sector.

Question 15

Characteristics of informal sectors-

Answer 15

Self employed.
Little capital employed.
Labour intensive with use of few tools.
Irregular hours and uncertain wage.
Prices rarely fixed.
Outside the law.
Often children and female.
Shoe cleaning and selling clothes.

Question 16

Advantages of informal sector-

Answer 16

Employs many unskilled workers.
Jobs provide training and skills.
Profits used in city, and products are used by locals.
Uses local and waste materials.