Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) Flashcards
Function of GI Glands
What is a Gland?
Acinus
Forms of Exocrine glands
Difference between endocrine and exocrine glands
Example of exocrine glands
Sweat
Esophagus
Metaplastic Gastric Glands
Gastric glands moving up into the esophagus in response to repeated gastric juice exposure
Monitor (endoscopic)
Goblet Cell formation - intestinal metaplasia*
Intestinal Metaplasia
Can process into esophageal adenocarcinoma
Presence of Goblet Cells ion esophagus
Transition from esophagus to stomach
Adenocarcinoma
glandular cancer
Divisions of the stomach
Fundus - top
Body - middle
Pylorus - bottom - connects to duodenum
Function of stomach
Mix of exocrine and endocrine
Digestion of food
Secretion of hormones into blood
Foveolar epithelium
Simple Columnar Epithelium
Stomach
Gastric Pits
Glands beneath the pits
Cells of the Stomach
Mucous (foveolar)
Parietal
Chief
Enteroendocrine
T/F: stomach polyp’s are benign
TRUE
Necrotic cells
Signet Ring Cells
Malignent cells full of mucous, nucleus being squished
Main function of small intestine
Short gut syndrome
surgery to remove small bowel
cannot absorb nutrients anymore
>100 cm small bowel removed
Unicellular glands of the Intestine (and function)
Goblet cells
Paneth cells
Glands unique to Duodenum
Brunner’s Glands - compound tubular
Secrete basic substance (neutralization of stomach acid)
Function of Colon
Absorption of WATER
Colon Polyps: low grade dysplasia
cannot spread
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Crohn’s Disease
2. Ulcerative Colitis
Colon Polyps: High grade dysplasia
Need to be removed
Difference between Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
Salivary glands
Lysozyme
Pancreas has SEPTAE or TRABECULAE
SEPTAE
Islets of Langerhans
Endocrine portion of Pancreas
Proteins that the liver synthesizes
Exocrine cells of pancreas
compound acinar
Portal Triad
Allows hepatocyte hook up to biliary tree and ??
Portal tracts of Liver
Vein
Artery
Bile duct
Lymphatic vessel
Liver cirrhosis
T/F: Gallbladder has Goblet Cells
FALSE
