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Veterinary Anatomy > Gastrointestinal Tract > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What is the space between the lips/cheek and teeth/gums?

A

oral vestibule

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2
Q

What is the mucocutaneous junction?

A

Where the lips meet the oral vestibule

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3
Q

Primary support of the cheek?

A

m. buccinator

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4
Q

What term is used to describe where the superior and inferior labia meet?

A

commissures of the lips

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5
Q

What two mm. anchor the tongue?

A

m. hyoglossus (to hyoid) m. genioglossus (to mandibular genu)

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6
Q

What is the name of the dense connective tissue rod found in canine tongues?

A

lyssa

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7
Q

What two kinds of papilla are found on the rostral 2/3rds of the tongue? Which is associated with taste buds?

A

filiform and fungiform, fungiform have taste buds

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8
Q

What pharyngeal structure is unique to equidae?

A

pharyngeal recess, a pocketing near the opening to the auditory tube

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9
Q

What pharyngeal structure is unique to porcidae?

A

pharyngeal diverticulum, a deep pocketing just dorsal to the palatopharyngeal fold

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10
Q

What is the name of the air-filled diverticula of the auditory tube that is unique to perissodactyls?

A

guttural pouches

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11
Q

What structures can be seen through the walls of the guttural pouches?

A

internal carotid a. external carotid a. Cr. nn. VII, IX, X, XI, and XII stylohyoid bone

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12
Q

Which branch of the nervous system (symp/parasymp) controls secretion of the mucous portion of saliva? Serous portion?

A

mucous portion - sympathetic NS serous portion - parasympathetic NS

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13
Q

Which salivary gland empties out of the parotid papilla?

A

parotid salivary gland

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14
Q

Which salivary glands empty out of the sublingual caruncle?

A

mandibular salivary gland and monostomatic part of sublingual salivary gland

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15
Q

What is the general term for an accumulation of saliva within tissue?

A

sialocele

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16
Q

What is the specific term for a sialocele (accumulation of saliva within tissue) located in the floor of the mouth? Which salivary gland is this condition associated?

A

ranula, sublingual glands/ducts

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17
Q

True or false? Tonsils have afferent lymphatic vessels.

A

False. Tonsils are lymph nodules that drain to proper lymph nodes.

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18
Q

In heterodontic mammals, _______ teeth precede adult teeth.

A

deciduous

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19
Q

What is the name of the space between canines and premolars in the equine mouth?

A

diastema

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20
Q

In ruminants, what replaces the upper incisors and canines?

A

dental pad

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21
Q

What is it called when teeth of one arcade make contact with teeth of the opposing arcade?

A

“coming into wear”

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22
Q

True or false? Deciduous dentition includes incisors, canines, and some premolars.

A

True. There are no deciduous molars.

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23
Q

The teeth of carnivores are classified as what kind of teeth?

A

brachyodontic, the proportion of crown to root is approximately even.

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24
Q

True or false? The cheek teeth of equidae are considered “open rooted”?

A

False. Equine cheek teeth are hypsodontic, meaning the crown (clinical + reserve) is proportionally larger than the root. Only the tusks of boars and the incisors of rodents/rabbits are open rooted.

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25
Q

What substance covers the exposed portion of a tooth crown?

A

enamel

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26
Q

What is contained in the pulp cavity of a tooth?

A

blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves

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27
Q

What is the name of the narrowed waist of a tooth that divides crown from root?

A

cervix

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28
Q

What type of joint is found between a tooth and the alveolar socket?

A

gomphosis joint

29
Q

What is the name of the groove between the crown of a tooth and the surrounding gingiva?

A

gingival sulcus

30
Q

What is the dental formula of a canid?

A

3142 ——- 3143

31
Q

What is the dental formula of a equid?

A

3133 —— 3133

32
Q

What is the dental formula of a ruminant?

A

0033 ——– 4033

33
Q

What is the dental formula of a felid?

A

3131 —— 3121

34
Q

What is the dental formula of a porcid and the ancestral default?

A

3143 ——- 3143

35
Q

What is the mesial surface of a tooth?

A

towards the arcade midline

36
Q

What is the distal surface of a tooth?

A

away from the arcade midline

37
Q

What is the occlusal surface?

A

the grinding surface

38
Q

What is the name of the tooth surface facing the oral vestibule?

A

labial/buccal surface

39
Q

What is the name of the tooth surface facing the oral cavity?

A

lingual/palatal surface

40
Q

What is the name of the line where the oral mucosa becomes firmly attached to the underlying periosteum?

A

mucogingival line

41
Q

What fills the pulp cavity of a tooth as enamel is worn away?

A

secondary dentin

42
Q

What connects the cementum of a tooth to the alveolar bone?

A

periodontal ligament

43
Q

What is the result of an abscessed canine tooth blowing out toward the nasal cavity?

A

oronasal fistula

44
Q

Which teeth are considered the carnassial teeth?

A

last upper premolar and first lower molar (108/208 + 409/309)

45
Q

True or false? The upper 4th premolar of the canine is a two-rooted tooth.

A

False. This tooth has three roots.

46
Q

What is the name of the vertical ridge on the labial surface of equine cheek teeth?

A

cingula (s. cingulum)

47
Q

What are “eruption bumps”?

A

visible/palpable bony enlargements on the lower jaw of young horses that may occur during eruption of adult cheek teeth

48
Q

What is the name of the vestigial upper 1st premolar of an equine dental arcade?

A

“wolf tooth”

49
Q

Where do you find “points” on herbivore cheek teeth?

A

labial surface of upper tooth and lingual surface of lower tooth

50
Q

Where do you find “hooks” on herbivore cheek teeth?

A

mesial surface of upper 1st premolar and distal surface of lower 3rd molar

51
Q

What is the cranial border of the abdominal cavity?

52
Q

What is the name of this landmark (shaded in blue)?

A

paralumbar fossa

53
Q

What are the borders of the paralumbar fossa in cattle?

A

transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae

tuber coxae

costal arch

54
Q

What is the name of the yellowish elastic connective tissue that helps to support the weight of the abdominal cavity?

A

tunica flava

55
Q

What is the name of the section of skin that connects the flank and thigh?

A

fold of the flank

56
Q

What are the apertures of the abdominal cavity? (Hint: where are hernias possible?)

A

3 in diaphragm (caval foramen, esophageal hiatus, aortic hiatus)

inguinal rings

umbilicus

pelvic outlet

57
Q

What is the name of the abdominal seam that is commonly a target for surgical incision?

A

linea alba

58
Q

What are the 4 layers of mm. that support the abdominal cavity?

A

From external to internal:

external oblique m.

internal oblique m.

m. rectus abdominus
m. transversus abdominis

59
Q

What condition occurs when the intestine becomes trapped inside epiploic foramen?

A

epiploic entrapment

60
Q

What condition occurs when intestine migrates dorsal to the nephrosplenic ligament?

A

nephrosplenic entrapment

61
Q

What are the three ligaments of the liver?

A

coronary ligament (attaches liver to diaphragm)

falciform lig. (attaches liver to umbilicus)

round lig. (former umbilical vein, found at free edge of falciform lig.)

62
Q

What are the three ligaments of the urinary bladder?

A

median lig.

2x lateral ligg.

63
Q

What is the sacculus rotundus?

64
Q

What is the saccus cecus?

A

Enlarged fundus of equine stomach

65
Q

What are the three portions of colon in rabbits?

A

Proximal colon, fusus coli, and distal colon

66
Q

What process does lagomorphs have that is similar to chewing cud in ruminants?

A

cecotrophy, making cecotropes

67
Q

What is the rhamphotheca?

A

rhinotheca + gnathotheca

bony structure on the beak

68
Q

Where is the kidney located in birds?

A

renal fossa of the synsacrum

Veterinary Anatomy (7 decks)

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