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medical terminology weeks 5-8 (2nd half of class) > gastrointestinal system > Flashcards

gastrointestinal system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

mouth

A

or/o
stomat/o

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2
Q

gums

A

gingiv/o

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3
Q

tooth fairy

A

dent/o
odont/o

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4
Q

tongue

A

gloss/o
lingu/o

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5
Q

intestines

A

enter/o

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6
Q

duodenum

A

duoden/o
first of 3 sections
name means “twelve” (fact that it is length of 12 fingers)

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7
Q

jejunum

A

jejun/o
second of the small intestine parts
means “empty” , found empty during dissection

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8
Q

ileum

A

ile/o
3rd part of the small intestine, means “groin” and refers to fact it is in lower abdomen

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9
Q

colon (large intestine)

A

col/o , colon/o

it starts at the bottom of abdomen
has ascending ^, colon, the transverse >< colon, and the descending colon (going down)

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10
Q

sigmoid colon

A

sigmoid/o
at the end of the colon before the rectum starts

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11
Q

rectum

A

rect/o
means “straight” , final portion of the colon before it arrives at the anus

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12
Q

anus

A

an/o
spinchter or muscle at the end of the intestines that allow passage for feces

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13
Q

anus and rectum

A

proct/o
ano (anus), recto (rectum)
procto includes both of these terms

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14
Q

what is the role of the liver?

A

gets rid of dangerous toxins, role in energy storage makes substance to break down fat in GI tract called bile

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15
Q

where is bile sent off to?

A

the small intestine and storage gland called gallbladder

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16
Q

what does the pancreas do?

A

it makes chemicals known as enzymes that break apart proteins, fats and carbs

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17
Q

saliva

A

sial/o
necessary to taste food

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18
Q

bile (gall)

A

bil/i , chol/e
required for the body to digest food

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19
Q

abdomen

A

abdomin/o , celi/o, lapar/o

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20
Q

bladder

A

cyst/o

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21
Q

once bile is produced in the liver, where does it get stored?

A

in the gallbladder

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22
Q

duct

A

doch/o

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23
Q

pancreas

A

pancreat/o

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24
Q

peritoneum

A

peritone/o
lines the abdominal cavity and organs
peri means around teneo means stretch

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25
Q

what is the objective magnification of the scanning, low dry and high dry conditions of the microscope?

A

4x, 10x, 40x

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26
Q

aerodontalgia

A

aer/odont/algia
air/tooth/pain
tooth pain caused by exposure to air

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27
Q

aphagia

A

a/phagia
no/eat
inability to eat

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28
Q

dentalgia

A

dent/algia
tooth/pain
tooth pain

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29
Q

dyspepsia

A

dys/peps/ia
bad/digestion/condition
bad digestion

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30
Q

eupepsia

A

eu/pep/sia
good/digestion/condition
good digestion

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31
Q

gastralgia

A

gastr/algia
stomach pain

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32
Q

gingivalgia

A

gingiv/algia
gum/pain
gum pain

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33
Q

gingiviostomatitis

A

gingivio/stomat/itis
gum/mouth/inflammation
inflammation of the mouth and gums

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34
Q

hematemesis

A

hemat/emesis
blood/vomiting
vomiting blood

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35
Q

hyperemesis

A

hyper/emesis
over/vomiting
excessive vomiting

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36
Q

stomatitis

A

stomat/itis
mouth/inflammation
inflammation of the mouth

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37
Q

stomatodynia

A

stomato/dynia
mouth/pain
mouth pain

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38
Q

dysentery 💩

A

dys/enter/y
bad/intestine/condition
another name for diarrhea

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39
Q

enterodynia

A

entero/dynia
intestine/pain
pain in the intestines

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40
Q

hemorrhoid

A

inflammation of the veins surrounding the anus

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41
Q

cholecystalgia

A

chole/cyst/algia
bile/bladder/pain
pain in the gallbladder

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42
Q

icterus

A

another name for jaundice

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43
Q

siallorrhea

A

sialo/rrhea
saliva/excessive discharge
excessive salivation

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44
Q

gastroparesis

A

gastro/paresis
stomach/partial paralysis
partial paralysis of the stomach

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45
Q

gingivoglossitis

A

gingivo/gloss/itis
gum/tongue/inflammation
inflammation of the gums and tongue

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46
Q

glossopegia

A

glosso/pegia
tongue/paralysis
paralysis of the tongue

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47
Q

odontoclasis

A

odonto/clasis
tooth/break
breaking of a tooth

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48
Q

stomatogastric

A

stomato/gastr/ic
mouth/stomach/pertaining to
pertaining to the mouth and stomach

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49
Q

stomatosis

A

stomat/osis
mouth/condition
mouth condition

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50
Q

anophony

A

ano/phony
anus/sound
sound from the anus

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51
Q

flatus

A

medical term for passing gas

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52
Q

steatorrhea

A

steato/rrhea
fat/discharge
excessive fat discharged in the feces

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53
Q

biligenesis

A

bili/genesis
bile/creation
formation of bile

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54
Q

cholelith

A

chole/lith
bile/stone
gallstone ; literally a “stone in the bile”

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55
Q

sialoangiectasis

A

sialo/angi/ectasis
saliva/vessel/expansion
over expansion of the salivary muscles

56
Q

cholangiogram

A

chol/angio/gram
bile/vessel/record
record of the bile vessels (ducts)

57
Q

cholangiography

A

chol/angio/graphy
bile/vessel/writing procedure
procedure for mapping the bile vessels (ducts)

58
Q

cholecystogram

A

chole/cysto/gram
bile/bladder/record
record of the bile (gall) bladder

59
Q

anosigmoidoscopy

A

ano/sigmoido/scopy
anus/sigmoid/looking procedure
procedure for looking at the anus and sigmoid colon

60
Q

laparascope

A

laparo/scope
abdomen/instrument to look
instrument for looking inside the abdomen

61
Q

proctoscope

A

procto/scope
anus/rectum/instrument to look
instrument for looking at the anus and rectum

62
Q

dentifrice

A

denti/frice
tooth/rub
toothpaste

63
Q

proctologist

A

procto/logist
anus/rectum/specialist
specialist in the anus, rectum and colon

64
Q

epigastric

A

epi/gastr/ic
upon/stomach/pertaining to
upper center portion of the abdomen

65
Q

hypochondriac

A

hypo/chondr/iac
beneath/cartilage/pertaining to
upper side portions of the abdomen

66
Q

hypogastric

A

hypo/gastr/ic
beaneath/stomach/pertaining to
lower center portion of the abdomen

67
Q

inguinal

A

inguin/al
groin/pertaining to
lower side portions of the abdomen

68
Q

lumbar

A

lumb/ar
loin/pertaining to
middle side portions of the abdomen

69
Q

umbilical

A

umbilic/al
belly button/pertaining to
middle center portion of the abdomen

70
Q

gastroenteritis

A

gastro/enter/itis
stomach/intestine/inflammation
inflammation of the stomach, intestines

71
Q

gingival hyperplasia

A

gingiv/al/hyper/plasia
gum/pertaining to/over/formation
over formation of gum tissue

72
Q

glossopathy

A

glosso/pathy
tongue/disease
disease of the tongue

73
Q

glossotrichia

A

glosso/trich/ia
tongue/hair/condition
overdevelopment of bumps on the tongue, making the tongue appear to be hairy

74
Q

periodontitis

A

peri/odont/itis
around/tooth/inflammation
inflammation of region around the teeth

75
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

pylor/ic/sten/osis
gatekeeper/pertaining to/narrowing/condition
narrowing of the spinchter at the base of the stomach

76
Q

stomatomycosis

A

stomato/myc/osis
mouth/fungus/condition
fungus condition of the mouth

77
Q

stomatosis

A

stomat/osis
mouth/condition
mouth condition

78
Q

eneterocele

A

entero/cele
intestine/hernia
hernia of the intestines

79
Q

fistula

A

any abnormal passageway in the body that shouldn’t be there

80
Q

anal fistula

A

an/al fistula
anus/pertaining to
pipe
abnormal opening between the rectum and the external perianal skin

81
Q

ileitis

A

ile/itis
ileum/inflammation
inflammation of the ileum

82
Q

proctitis

A

proct/itis
anus/rectum/inflammation
inflammation of the anus and rectum

83
Q

proctopsis

A

procto/ptosis
anus/rectum/drooping condition
downward displacement of the rectum and anus

84
Q

celiomyositis

A

celio/myos/itis
abdomen/muscle/inflammation
inflammation of the abdominal muscle

85
Q

cholangitis

A

chol/ang/itis
bile/vessel/inflammation
inflammation of the bile vessels/ducts

86
Q

cholecystitis

A

chole/cyst/itis
bile/bladder/inflammation
inflammation of the bile/gallbladder

87
Q

choledochocele

A

chole/docho/cele
bile/duct/tumor
hernia of the common bile duct

88
Q

choledocholithiasis

A

chole/docho/lith/iasis
bile/duct/stone/presence
presence of a stone in a common bile duct

89
Q

cholelithiasis

A

chole/lith/iasis
bile/stone/presence
presence of a gallstone

90
Q

cirrhosis

A

liver disease named for the change of color in the liver

91
Q

lapaocele

A

laparo/cele
Abdomen/tumor
Abdominal hernia

92
Q

sialolithisis

A

sialo/lith/iasis
saliva/stone/presence
presence of salivary stones

93
Q

cholangioma

A

chol/angi/ioma
bile/vessel/tumor
tumor of the bile vessels (ducts)

94
Q

antacid

A

ant/acid
against/acid
agent that neutralizes acid

95
Q

antiemetic

A

anti/emet/ic
against/vomiting/pertaining to
agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting

96
Q

cathartic

A

cathart/ic
cleansing/pertaining to
agent that produces bowel movements

97
Q

sialgogic

A

sial/agog/ic
saliva/leading/pertaining to
agent that causes salivation

98
Q

gastroenteroostomy

A

gastro/entero/stomy
stomach/intestine/opening
creation of an opening between the stomach and the intestines

99
Q

anastomosis

A

ana/stom/osis
up/out/mouth/condition
creation of an opening; a sx procedure connecting two previously unconnected hollow tubes

100
Q

hemicolectomy

A

hemi/col/ectomy
half/colon/removal
sx removal of half a portion of the colon

101
Q

heniorrhappy

A

hernio/rrhapy
hernia/suture
suture of a hernia

102
Q

ileocolostomy

A

ileo/colo/stomy
ileum/colon/opening
creation of an opening between the ileum and the colon

103
Q

PROCTO prefix means what?

A

rectum and anus

104
Q

rectopexy

A

recto/pexy
rectum/fixation
sx fixation of the rectum

105
Q

abdominocentesis

A

abdomino/centesis
abdomen/puncture
puncture of the abdomen (usually for the purpose of withdrawing fluid)

106
Q

CELIO means what?

A

abdomen

107
Q

cholangiogastrotomy

A

chol/angio/gastro/stomy
bile/vessel/stomach/opening
creation of an opening between the bile vessel (ducts) and the stomach

108
Q

cholecystectomy

A

chole/cyst/ectomy
bile/bladder/removal
sx removal of the bile (gall) bladder

109
Q

choledochoenterostomy

A

chole/docho/entero/stomy
bile/duct/intestine/opening
creation of an opening between (common) bile duct and the intestine

110
Q

chole and docho meanings? prefixes?

A

bile and duct

111
Q

cholelithitripsy

A

chole/litho/trips/y
bile/stone/rub/procedure
crushing of bile (gall) stones

112
Q

laparoenterostomy

A

laparo/entero/stomy
abdomen/intestine/opening
creation of an opening between the abdomen and the intestines

113
Q

laparoscopic sx

A

laparo/scop/ic
abdomen/look/pertaining to
use of a laparoscope to perform minimally invasive sx

114
Q

sialodenectomy

A

sialo/aden/ectomy
saliva/gland/removal
sx removal of a salivary gland

115
Q

stomato prefix means what?

A

mouth

116
Q

BE

A

barium enema

117
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

118
Q

CCE

A

cholecystectomy

119
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

120
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

121
Q

EUS

A

endoscopic ultrasound

122
Q

FOBT

A

fecal occult blood test

123
Q

HAV, HBV, HCV

A

Hep A, Hep B, Hep C

124
Q

LFT

A

liver function test

125
Q

NGT

A

nasogastric tube

126
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth (nihil per OS)

127
Q

N&V

A

nausea and vomiting

128
Q

PEG

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostromy

129
Q

PEJ

A

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy

130
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

131
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

132
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

133
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

134
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

135
Q

UGI

A

upper gastrointestinal

medical terminology weeks 5-8 (2nd half of class) (34 decks)

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