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Human Anatomy and Histology > gastrointestinal system > Flashcards

gastrointestinal system Flashcards

1
Q

what does the gastrointestinal tract include?

A

head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis

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2
Q

accessory digestive organs

A

teeth
tongue
salivary glands
liver
gall bladder
biliary tree
pancreas

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3
Q

components of the small intestine

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

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4
Q

components of the large intestine

A

caecum
ascending colon
hepatic flexure
transverse colun
splenic flexure
descending colon
sigmoid colon

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5
Q

order of digestive organs food goes through from mouth to anus

A

mouth
pharynx
oesophagus
stomach
small intesting
large intestine / colon
appendix
rectum
anus

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6
Q

the primitive gut tube is divided into what three regions

A

foregut
midgut
hindgut

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7
Q

where does the foregut span?

A

extends from lower part of osesophagus to 2nd part of the duodenum

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8
Q

where does the midgut span?

A

extends from the 2nd part of the duodenum to the distal third of the transverse colon

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9
Q

where does the hindgut span?

A

extends from distal third of the transverse colon to the upper third of the anal canal

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10
Q

what is the artery that the foregut receives?

A

coeliac trunk

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11
Q

what is the artery that the midgut receives?

A

superior mesenteric artery

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12
Q

what is the artery that the hindgut receives?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

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13
Q

the splenic and superior mesenteric veins join to form the ______

A

portal vein

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14
Q

the portal vein drains into the _____ taking the nutrients absorbed from the ______

A

liver
GIT

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15
Q

venous blood from the _____ drains into the ________

A

liver
inferior vena cava

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16
Q

lymphatic drainage of the digestive system from digestive organs to left subclavian / brachiocephalic vein

A

digestive organs
local lymph nodes
regional lymph nodes
intestinal trunk
cysterna chyli
thoracic duct
left subclavian / brachiocephalic vein

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17
Q

lymph from foregut organs goes to the

A

coeliac nodes

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18
Q

lymph from midgut organs go to

A

superior mesenteric nodes

19
Q

lymph from hindgut organs go to

A

inferior mesenteric nodes

20
Q

what NS is the digestive system innervated by?

A

ANS

21
Q

the PNS _____ digestive function

A

increases

22
Q

the SNS ____ digestive function

A

slows down

23
Q

(in PNS innervation) the foregut and midgut organs are supplied by _____ nerve

A

vagus

24
Q

(in PNS innervation) hindgut organs are supplied by the _____

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves

25
Q

(in PNS innervation) nerve cell bodies of ______ganglionic neurones located in the walls of the GIT in the ______ plexus

A

post
myenteric

26
Q

(in SNS innervation) ____ganglionic fibres from _____ nerves

A

pre
splanchic

27
Q

(in SNS innervation) synpases are in ______ ganglion

A

prevertebral

28
Q

(in SNS innervation) ____ganglionic neurone goes to _____ organ

A

post
effector

29
Q

what splanchnic nerve synapses the foregut and in what ganglion?

A

greater splanchnic nerve to the coeliac ganglion

30
Q

what splanchnic nerve synapses the midgut and in what ganglion?

A

lesser splanchnic nerve in the superior mesenteric ganglion

31
Q

what splanchnic nerve synapses the hindgut and in what ganglion?

A

lumbar splanchnic nerve in the inferior mesenteric ganglion

32
Q

from what levels does the foregut arise?

A

T5-T9

33
Q

from what levels does the midgut arise?

A

T10-T11

34
Q

from what levels does the hindgut arise?

A

L1-L2

35
Q

what are the two types of sensory information transmitted from the digestive system?

A

reflex afferents (e.g. stretch)
pain afferents

36
Q

reflex afferents are transmitted to ____ in ______ pathways - via the ____ nerve

A

CNS
parasympathetic
vagus

37
Q

pain afferents are transmitted to the ____ in ________ pathways in ____, _____, and _____ splanchnic nerves

A

CNS
sympathetic
greater, lesser, and lumbar

37
Q

pain from the foregut is carried by the ______ splanchnic nerve to spinal cord segments _______ - ______

A

greater
T5-T9

38
Q

pain from the foregut is therefore perceived in the ______ region

A

epigastric

39
Q

pain from the midgut is carried by the ______ splanchnic nerve to the spinal cord segments __ - ____

A

lesser
T10 T11

40
Q

pain from the midgut is perceived in the _____ region

A

umbilical

41
Q

pain from the hindgut is carried by the ______ splanchnic nerve to spinal cord segments __ - ___

A

L1 and L2

42
Q

pain from the hindgut is perceived in the ______ region

A

hypogastric

43
Q
A

Human Anatomy and Histology (7 decks)

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