Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

First Year Anatomy (non-diagram) > Gastrointestinal > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Flashcards

1
Q

4 muscles of mastication

A

Temporalis (close)
Masseter (close)
Lateral pterygoid (open)
Medial pterygoid (close)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nerve supply of the muscles of mastication

A

CNV3

Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Function of superior cavity of TMJ

A

Tanslation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Function of inferior cavity of TMJ

A

Rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Course of CNV3

A

From Pons
Through foramen ovale
To muscle of mastication and sensory area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of fibres in CNV3

A

Sensory and motor fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Innervation of posterior 1/3rd of the tongue

A

Taste and general sensation

CNIX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Innervation of anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

A

Taste CNVII

General sensory CNV3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Types of fibre in CN7

A

Special sensory
Sensory
Motor
Parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Course of CN7

A

From pontomedullary junction
Through temporal bone vie internal acoustic meatus then stylomastoid foramen
To anterior tongue, muscles of facial expression and glands in the floor of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Connects CNVII to the lingual nerve (CNV3)

A

Chorda tympani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Innervation of sublingual and submandibular salivary gland

A

CNVII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Innervation of superior half of oral cavity

A

CNV2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Innervation of inferior half of oral cavity

A

CNV3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Innervation of sensory part of gag reflex

A

CNIX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Innervation of motor part of gag reflex

A

CNIX and CNX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Local anaesthetic for endoscope blocks action potential in which nerves?

A

CNV2, CNV3, CNVII, CNIX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Course of CNV2

A

From pons
Through foramen rotundum
To sensory area (mid-face)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Types of fibres in CNV2

A

Sensory fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Types of fibres in CNIX

A

Special sensory, sensory, motor, visceral afferent, parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Course of CNIX

A

From medulla
Through jugular foramen
To posterior wall of oropharynx, parotid gland, post. 1/3rd of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Parotid gland

A

Crosses the face and secretes into mouth opposite upper 2nd molar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Submandibular gland

A

Enters floor of mouth and secretes via lingual caruncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Sublingual gland

A

Lays in floor of mouth and secretes via several ducts superiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Innervation of parotid gland

A

CNIX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Innervation of submandibular gland

A

CNVII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Innervation of sublingual gland

A

CNVII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Innervation of the tongue muscles (except palatoglossus)

A

CNXII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Type of fibres in CNXII

A

Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Course of CNXII

A

From medulla
Through hypoglossal canal
To extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Innervation of the circular constrictor muscles of the pharynx

A

CNX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Innervation of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx

A

CNIX and CNX` (mainly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Innervation of orbicularis oris

A

CNVII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Nerve supply to oesophagus

A

Oesophageal plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Constrictions of the oesophagus

A

Cervical constriction by criciopharyngeus muscle
Thoracic constrictions by arch of aorta and left main bronchus
Diaphragmatic constriction from passing through diaphragm

36
Q

Foregut

A

Oesophagus to mid-duodenum
Liver + gall bladder
Spleen
1/2 of pancreas

37
Q

Midgut

A

Mid-duodenum to proximal 2/3rds of transverse colon

1/2 of pancreas

38
Q

Hindgut

A

Distal 1/3rd of transverse colon to proximal 1/2 of anal canal

39
Q

Intraperitoneal organs

A 
Liver + gall bladder
Stomach
Spleen
1st part of the duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Caecum
Transverse colon
Sigmoid colon
40
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A 
Kidneys
Adrenal gland
Pancreas
Ascending colon
Descending colon 
2nd-4th part of duodenum
41
Q

Area of communication between greater and lesser sac

A

Omental foramen (of winslow)

42
Q

Peritoneal ligaments

A

Hepatogastric ligament
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Gastrosplenic ligament
Splenorenal ligament

43
Q

Placement of needle in paracentesis and the vessel that it avoids

A

Placed lateral to the rectus sheath

Avoids inferior epigastric artery

44
Q

Origin of inferior epigastric artery

A

Arises from external iliac artery medial to the deep inguinal ring

45
Q

Route of sympathetic nerves from CNS to abdominal organs (5)

A

1) Leave spinal cord between T5 and L2
2) Enter sympathetic chains
3) Leave sympathetic chains within abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves
4) Synapse at prevertebral ganglia anterior to the aorta
5) Take part in periarterial plexuses towards organs

46
Q

Route of sympathetic nerve fibres for adrenal gland from CNS to abdominal organs

A

1) Leave spinal cord at T10-L1
2) Enter abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves
3) Carried with periarterial plexuses to adrenal gland
4) Synapse directly onto cells

47
Q

Route of parasympathetic nerves from CNS to abdominal organs (vagus) (3)

A

1) Presynaptic fibres enter abdominal cavity on surface of oesophagus
2) Travel into periarterial plexuses
3) Synapse on ganglia on walls of organs

48
Q

Route of parasympathetic nerves from CNS to abdominal organs (pelvic splanchnic nerves)

A

1) S2, 3 and 4 exit spinal cord to innervate smooth muscle/ glands of descending colon to anal canal

49
Q

Entry level of foregut structure to spinal cord

50
Q

Entry level of midgut structures to spinal cord

51
Q

Entry level of hindgut structure to spinal cord

52
Q

Thoracoabdominal nerves

A

7th-11th intercostal nerves

53
Q

Abdominal body wall nerves

A 
Thoracoabdominal nerves 
Subcostal nerve (T12 anterior ramus)
Iliohypogastric nerve (Half of L1 anterior ramus)
Ilioinguinal nerve (half of L1 anterior ramus)
54
Q

Entry level of visceral afferents from appendix)

55
Q

Liver is protected by which ribs

56
Q

How many veins do the hepatic veins from the liver come together as before entering the IVC

57
Q

Level of exit of coeliac trunk from abdominal aorta

58
Q

Spleen is protected by which ribs

59
Q

Which sac are the hepatorenal and sub-phrenic recesses located within

A

Greater sac

60
Q

Lowest part of the peritoneal cavity when the patient is supine

A

Hepatorenal recess

61
Q

Entry point to spinal cord of visceral afferents from gallbladder

62
Q

4 parts of the duodenum

A

Superior part
Descending
Horizontal
Ascending

63
Q

Exocrine cells of the pancreas

A

Acinar cells

64
Q

Endocrine cells of the pancreas

A

Islets of langerhans

65
Q

Level of exit point of SMA from aorta

A

L1 vertebral level

66
Q

Which sac are the paracolic gutters part of?

A

Greater sac

67
Q

Skin around umbilicus anastomoses

A

Para-umbilical veins drain to hepatic portal vein

Small epigastric veins drain to caval system

68
Q

Distal end of oesophagus anastomoses

A

Inferior part drains to hepatic portal vein

Superior part drains to azygous vein

69
Q

Rectum/anal canal anastomoses

A

Rectum and superior anal canal drain to IMV

Inferior part of GI tract drains to internal iliac veins

70
Q

Level at which sigmoid colon becomes rectum

A

Anterior to S3

71
Q

Point at which rectum becomes anal canal

A

Anterior to tip of the coccyx

72
Q

Nerve supply of levator Ani

A

Nerve to levator ani and pudendal nerve

73
Q

Location of internal anal sphincter

A

Superior two thirds of anal canal

74
Q

Location of external anal sphincter

A

Inferior two thirs od anal canal

75
Q

What muscle is the external anal canal continuous with

A

Puborectalis

76
Q

What nerve stimulates contraction of the external anal sphincter?

A

Pudendal nerve

77
Q

What nerve stimulates contraction of the internal anal sphincter?

A

Sympathetic nerves

78
Q

Which type of nerve fibres stimulate structures in the pelvis?

A

Sympathetic, parasympathetic and visceral afferent

79
Q

Which type of nerve fibres stimulate structures in the perineum?

A

Somatic motor and somatic sensory

80
Q

Vertebral level of sympathetic fibres travelling to IMA

81
Q

Vertebral level of somatic motor pudendal nerve fibres

A

S2, S3, S4

82
Q

Vertebral level of somatic motor fibres in nerve to levator ani

83
Q

Vertebral level of visceral afferents and parasympathetic fibres from and to the rectum/ anal canal

84
Q

Point of exit from pelvis of pudendal nerve

A

Greater sciatic foramen

85
Q

Point of entry into perineum of pudendal nerve

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

First Year Anatomy (non-diagram) (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions