Gastroenterology Symptoms Flashcards
Loss or lack of appetite
Anorexia
Inability to eat a full meal
Early satiety
Retrosternal burning sensation resulting from excess gastroesophageal reflux
Heartburn
Difficulty in swallowing
Dysphagia
Painful swallowing
Odynophagia
Frequent discharge of feces in very soft or liquid form
Diarrhea
Complete constipation with no passage of either feces or gas
Obstipation
Intense urge with straining but little or no result
Tenesmus
Vomitus of red blood or coffee-ground material
Hematemesis
Black, tarry, foul-smelling stool
Melena
Melena implies
Bleeding proximal to ligament of Treitz (upper bleed)
And that blood has been in the GIT for at least 14 hours
melena generally occurs when at least ___ volume is present in the GI tract
50-100 mL
Passage of bright red or maroon blood from the rectum which usually implies bleeding from the colon (lower bleed)
Hematochezia
Identified in the absence of overt bleeding by a fecal occult blood test or the presence of iron deficiency
Occult GI bleeding
Yellowing of the skin or sclerae arising from obstruction in the bile duct, liver disease
Jaundice
The action of bringing swallowed food up in the mouth
Regurgitation
Differentials for abdominal pain
Appendicitis Gallstone disease Pancreatitis Diverticulitis Ulcer Disease Esophagitis GI Obstruction Inflammatory Bowel Disease Functional Bowel Disorder Vascular Disease Gynecologic Renal stone
Diarrhea differential diagnosis
Infection Poorly absorbed sugars Inflammatory bowel disease Microscopic colitis Functional bowel disorders Celiac disease Pancreatic insufficiency Hyperthyroidism Ischemia Endocrine Tumor
GI bleeding differential diagnosis
Peptic ulcer disease Esophagitis Varices Vascularlesions Neoplasm Diverticula Hemorrhoids Fissures Inflammatory Bowel Disease Infectious Colitis
High-pitched rumbling sounds of hyperperistalsis that correspond with crampy abdominal painm bruits, or friction rubs
Borborygmi
Violaceous striae is usually seen in
Cushing’s syndrome
Umbilical bugle suggested
Ventral hernia
Initial procedure for evaluation of dysphagia (evaluates subtle rings, strictures and achalasia)
Barium swallow
Radiography that reliable diagnoses small intestinal tumors and chron’s ileutis
Small-bowel contrast radiography
