Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infection > Gastroenteritis > Flashcards

Gastroenteritis Flashcards

1
Q

What is gastroenteritis?

A

3 or more loose stools a day with accompanying features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is traveller’s diarrhoea?

A

At least 3 loose to watery stools in 24 hours with or without one of more of abdominal cramps, fever, nausea, vomiting or blood in the stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is acute food poisoning?

A

This describes the sudden onset of nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea after the ingestion of a toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What bacterial pathogens can cause gastroenteritis?

A

Campylobacter

  • Flu like prodrome, bloody diarrhoea

Cholera

  • Profuse watery diarrhoea
  • Severe dehyration
  • Hypoglycaemia

Shigella

  • Bloody diarrhoea
  • Vomiting and abdmoinal pain

E.coli

  • Watery stools
  • Abdominal pain
  • Common amonst travellers

Staph aureus

  • Severe vomiting

Bacillus cereus

  • Vomiting or diarrhoea 6 hours after uncooked rice

Giardiasis

  • Prolonged non bloody diarrhoea

Salmonella

  • Severe vomiting and high fever

Clostridium Perfringens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What viral pathogens can cause gastroenteritis?

A

Rotavirus

Norovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis?

A

Viral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis?

A

Campylobacter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What pathogen causes the most hospital admissions of gastroenteritis?

A

Salmonella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most common cause of traveller’s diarrhoea?

A

E coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most common cause of acute food poisoning?

A

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What investigations are used in gastroenteritis diagosis and monitoring?

A

Stool culture

  • Parasites, cysts and ova
  • Stool antigen detection

Blood culture

Renal function

FBC

  • Neutrophilia
  • Haemolysis

Microscopy

  • Parasites

Fluid and Electrolyte Loss

  • Hyponatraemia
  • Hypokalaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is gastroenteritis managed?

A

Rehydration

  • Oral rehydration with salt/sugar solutions
  • IV saline (Sodium chloride in water)

Antibiotic Therapy

  • Indicated if immunocompromised, severe sepsis/invasive infection and chronic illness/malignancy
  • Not indicated for healthy patients with non-invasive infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Symptoms after 1-6 hours?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

Bacillus cereus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Symptoms after 12-48 hours?

A

Salmonella

Escherichia coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Symptoms after 48-72 hours?

A

Shigella

Campylobacter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Symptoms over 7 days?

A

Giardiasis

Amoebiasis

17
Q

What is haemolytic-uraemic syndrome?

A

Characterised by renal failure, haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia

18
Q

What causes HUS?

A

Toxin stimulates platelet activation

19
Q

Describe the pathophysiology of E.coli 0157

A

Produces shiga toxin, which is the same produced by Shigella

Stays in gut but toxin gets in blood

20
Q

How does E.coli 0157 infection present?

A

Frequent bloody stools

21
Q

Give a complication of E.coli 0157

A

Haemolytic-Uraemic Syndrome (HUS)

Infection (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions