Gastroenteritis

Question 1

What is gastroenteritis?

Answer 1

Food poisioning - Caused by eating food contaminated with micro-organisms, toxins, parasites etc.

Question 2

Symptoms of Gastroenteritis?

Answer 2

Diarrhoea
Abdominal Pain
Vomiting

Question 3

Organisms with a short incubation period (1-6 hours)

Answer 3

Staph Aureus

Question 4

Organisms with a moderate incubation period (12-48 hours)

Answer 4

Salmonella

Clostridium Perfringens

Question 5

Organisms with a longer incubation period (2-14 days)

Answer 5

E.coli

Campylobacter

Question 6

What is the incubation period of Campylobacter?

Answer 6

Usually 2-5 days

Question 7

How is Campylobacter passed?

Answer 7

Carried in food

Question 8

Describe the symptoms of Campylobacter

Answer 8

It is very invasive and presents as colitic syndrome

• RIF pain
• Bloody Diarrhoea
• Abdominal Pain
• Mimics Appendicits

Question 9

What is the treatment for Campylobacter?

Answer 9

Supportive

Clarithromycin or Ciprofloxacin(Very ill, co-morbidities)

Question 10

Complications of Campylobacter?

Answer 10

Guillan Barre Syndrome

Question 11

Describe Guillan Barre Syndrome?

Answer 11

This starts out as tingling of peripheries

Progresses to paralysis

Question 12

Describe what is seen on imaging Campylobacter infection?

Answer 12

Thumb Print Sign (as this is a colitic disease)

Question 13

Describe Typhoid

Answer 13

This is always imported from areas such as Inidan, SE Asia, Africa

Question 14

How is Typhoid contracted?

Answer 14

From food, water (Eg: Poorly washed salad)

Question 15

Symptoms of Typhoid?

Answer 15

Fever
Systemically Unwell
Abdominal Pain
Constipation

Question 16

Diagnosis of Typhoid?

Answer 16

Blood cultures are essential

Question 17

Treatment of Typhoid?

Answer 17

Ciprofloxacin

Question 18

Typical case of Typhoid?

Answer 18

Medical student goes on elective to India

Comes back systemically unwell and constipated

Question 19

Incubation period of Typhoid?

Answer 19

3-21 days

Question 20

Salmonella incubation period?

Answer 20

12-48 hours

Question 21

Salmonella symptoms?

Answer 21

Diarrhoea
Vomiting
Abdominal Pain
Fever

Question 22

Treatment of Salmonella?

Answer 22

Ciprofloxacin

Question 23

E.Coli 0157 Incubation period?

Answer 23

12-72 hours

Question 24

Symptoms of E.coli?

Answer 24

Colitis like
Bloody Diarrhoea
Vomiting

Question 25

How is E.coli 0157 transferred?

Answer 25

In meat, raw milk, beef etc

Question 26

Complications of E.coli 0157?

Answer 26

HUS

Question 27

What is HUS?

Answer 27

Haemolytic Ureamic Syndrome
Causes abdominal pain, fever
High WCC low Hb

Question 28

Who/when does Rotavirus present?

Answer 28

Common in children below two and during winter

Question 29

Symptoms of Rotavirus?

Answer 29

Fever
Diarrhoea (Not bloody)
Vomiting

Question 30

Treatment for Rotavirus?

Answer 30

Supportive

Question 31

Describe Noroviurs?

Answer 31

Winter Vomiting Bug but presents all year round

Question 32

Who does Norovirus affect?

Answer 32

All ages and is very infectious

Question 33

How is Norovirus spread?

Answer 33

Faecal Oral/Person to Person/ Droplet

Question 34

Describe the infectious does of Norovirus?

Answer 34

Very Low

Question 35

Describe Norovirus Symptoms

Answer 35

D+V (EXPLOSIVE)

Question 36

Describe incubation period for norovirus?

Answer 36

Very short

Question 37

What does Stool Microscopy detect?

Answer 37

Parasites

Question 38

What does Stool Culture detect?

Answer 38

Salmonella, Campylobacter, Shigella

Question 39

What does Stool Toxins detect?

Answer 39

C.diff and E.coli 0157

Question 40

What do blood cultures detect?

Answer 40

Typhoid and Salmonella

Question 41

What does PCR detect?

Answer 41

Norovirus

Question 42

What is treated with Ciprofloxacin?

Answer 42

Campylobacter, Typhoid, Salmonella

Question 43

What is treated with supportive only?

Answer 43

E.Coli, Rotavirus, Noravirus

Question 44

How do you treat C.diff?

Answer 44

Oral Metronidazole

Oral Vancomycin