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AB MSRA > Gastro, Cardio + Diabetes > Flashcards

Gastro, Cardio + Diabetes Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

blood results in alcoholic hep? Tx?

A

AST x2 of ALT

steroids

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2
Q

in ascites, who gets PO cipro?

A

ascitic protein of 15 g/litre or less

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3
Q

what ascites is low protein and which is high?

A

low - cancer, low albumin
high - cirrhosis, cardiac

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4
Q

grading for c diff?

A

mod - high WCC, 3-5 stools

severe - moderate + pyrexial or colitis

life threatning - low BP, ileus, toxic megacolon

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5
Q

Tx for c diff?

A

PO vanc
fidamixin if reccurrent

life threatening - PO van + oral met

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6
Q

features of mesenteric ischaemic vs ischaemic colitis?

A

mes - sudden, small bowel, emboli

colitis - bloody diarrhoea, gradual, large bowel

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7
Q

antibodies in autoimmune hepatitis?

A

ANA + SMA

LKM1 in kids

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8
Q

what abg do alcoholic have?

A

metabolic acidosis
ketotic
normal glucose

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9
Q

Ix for bile acid malabsorption? Tx?

A

SeHCAT

cholestyramine

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10
Q

inheritance for haemachromatosis?

A

aut rec

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11
Q

common bug causing SBP?

A

E coli

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12
Q

cell type of oesophageal cancer?

A

lower 1/3rd adeno
upper 2/3 squamous

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13
Q

antibodies in hep B and meaning?

A

HBsAg - infection
anti HBc - caught
anti HBs - immunised

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14
Q

antibodies in PBC?

A

AMA
high IgM

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15
Q

biopsy results in crohns?

A

inflam all layers
granulomas
goblet cells

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16
Q

biopsy results in UC?

A

not beyond submucoa
crypt abscess
pseudopolyps

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17
Q

Tx for crohns?

A

acute - steroids, mesal, AZA

AZA for remission

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18
Q

Tx for UC?

A

rectal aminosalicate + steroid
PO amino sal if L side of colon affected

AZA for remission

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19
Q

Ix for H pylori?

A

13c urea breath test
urease if post tx

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20
Q

melanosis coli meaning?

A

laxative abuse

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21
Q

what is wilsons? Tx?

Study These Flashcards
A

increased copper

penicillamine

22
Q

results of anaemic of chronic disease?

Study These Flashcards
A

low TIBC (high in iron def anaemia)

23
Q

leads in anterior MI? Blood supply?

24
Q

leads in lateral MI? Blood supply?

Study These Flashcards
A

I, v5-6,
L circumflex

25
leads in inferior MI? Blood supply?
II, III, AvF right coronary RISK OF HEART BLOCK
26
leads in posterior MI?
V1-3
27
time frame for PCI and fibrinolysis?
PCI 120mins fibrin - 12hrs
28
types of heart block?
1 - PR >0.2secs (5ss) II Mobits 1 - progressively longer PR then drop Mobits 2 - P waves constant III - no assoc
29
when do drugs get given in arrest?
adrenaline asap 3-5 mins amiodarone if shockable 3rd and 5th shock
30
Tx for angina?
Bb + ccb (verap/dilt) + nitrate GTN, aspirin and statin also
31
what valves cause S1 and S2?
S1 - M T S2 - A P
32
HF Tx?
ACE + Bb aldosterone agonist SGLT2 (gliflozin)
33
HT diagnostic criteria?
clinic >140/90 HBPM >135/85 and QRISK >10%
34
where do loop diuretics work?
thick ascending loop of henle
35
aortic regurg features?
early diastolic collapsing pulse
36
aortic stenosis features?
ESM syncope 4th HS
37
MR features?
post MI/endocarditis pansystolic
38
MS features?
mid to late diastolic loud S1 Malar flush associated with AF
39
where do thiazide diuretics work?
inhibit Na reabsorption at DCT
40
Tx for bradycardia?
atropine
41
Tx for tachycardia?
vagal manouvres adenosine (6, 12, 18mg) if VT - amiodarone
42
Tx for hypertension in diabetics?
ACE/ARB
43
what IE do IVDU get?
tricuspid
44
AF and stroke - when to start DOAC?
2 weeks post
45
Tx post stroke?
75mg aspirin and 75mg clop (lifelong)
46
diagnosis for T1DM?
symptomatic fasting ≥7 random ≥11.1 if asymptomatic, need 2 readings
47
diagnosis for T2DM?
HBA1c ≥48 fasting ≥7
48
Tx for T2DM?
metformin + SGLT2 if CVD/HF if no CVD/HF/risk + DPP4 / PIO/ SU
49
SGLT2 examples and side effects?
dapagliflozin UTI normyglycaemic DKA HF
50
Pioglitazone side effects?
weight gain fluid retention (avoid in HF) fractures bladder cancer
51
SU examples and side effects?
gliclazide low BM weight gain low Na peripheral neuropathy

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