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Meds 2 > Gastro > Flashcards

Gastro Flashcards

1
Q

Aphthous ulcers aka? Etiology?

A

Canker sores

Stress/hormone/immuno but unknown

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2
Q

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome mucocutaneous manifestations?

A

macules appear during childhood, fade in adolescence mostly on lips and buccal mucosa

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3
Q

Peutz-Jeghers polyps symptoms/associated with?

A

obstruction, bleeding, pain

malignancy - GI, genital

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4
Q

Osler-Weber-Rendu Disease aka?

A

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT)

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5
Q

HHT type of disease?
Skin lesions?
Complications?

A

vascular malformation
macules 20/30yo
Epistaxis, GI hemorrhage

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6
Q

Oral manifestation of GERD?

A

erosion

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7
Q

External factors that can lead to GERD?

A

High-fat foods
smoking
medication

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8
Q

Suspect GERD, do what to confirm?

A

endoscopy

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9
Q

Alarming symptoms of GERD

A

dysphagia
weight loss
anemia

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10
Q

Lifestyle modifications to treat GERD

A

Elevate head while sleeping
No food 3h before bedtime
Stop smoking
Diet - less fat and volume, avoid acids

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11
Q

Medications for GERD

A

antacids (H2-RAs and proton pump inhibitors)

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12
Q

Solid vs Solid/Liquid Dysphagia

A

Solid: Stricture/Cancer

Solid/Liquid:
Motility
Scleroderma
Achalasia
Esophageal Spasm
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13
Q

Eval of dysphagia

A 
Radiograph imaging
Endoscopy
Motility(manometry)
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14
Q

Two types of esophageal cancer, which type assoc. with Barrets esophagus?

A

SCCA, and Adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma assoc. with Barretts

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15
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease etiology (3)

A

H. pylori
NSAIDS
Ischemia/smoking

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16
Q

PUD diagnosis

A

pain, nausea, indigestion, anorexia, early satiety, bloating

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17
Q

PUD HOW to diagnose?

A

Barium study

endoscopy

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18
Q

Recurrent rate with/out treatment of PUD?

A

VERY HGH without treatment, 10-20% with.

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19
Q

Treatment for esophageal varices?

A

banding

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20
Q

Acute pancreatitis death cause in 1 week? 2 weeks?

A

multiorgan failure, sepsis

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21
Q

Acute pancreatitis causes?

A

Batdish

Biliary obstruction
Alcohol
Triglycerides, trauma
Drugs
Idiopathic, infectious, iatrogenic
Scorpion bite
Hereditary, hypercalcium
22
Q

How to diagnose acute pancreatitis

A

Need 2 out of 3:

  1. Clinical - pain radiating to back, nausea/vomiting
  2. Biochemical - 3x normal of amylase or lipase (more specific and sensitive)
  3. Imaging - CT scan
23
Q

Acute pancreatitis treatment

A

IV fluids
feeding
Underlying condition

24
Q

Chronic pancreatitis symptom diff from acute?

A

diarrhea

25
Q

Chronic pancreatitis treatment?

A

supplements, surgery

26
Q

Lactose intolerance inability to what

A

digest lactose because no lactase

27
Q

Celiac sprue - sensitive to what?

A

immunological reaction vs gluten

28
Q

Celiac sprue symptoms?

A 
Diarrhea symptoms
Steatorrhea
Osteoporosis (Ca, D)
Easy bruising (K)
Peripheral neuropathy (B12)
29
Q

How to diagnose celiac sprue?

A

Blood test for IgA/G

Confirm with biopsy (villous atrophy, cracked earth)

30
Q

Celiac treatment?

A

Gluten free and nutritional supplementation

31
Q

Rome III diagnostic for IBS

A

Recurrent Abdominal pain or discomfort at least 3 days/month in last 3 months with 2 or more:

  1. improvement with defecation
  2. Onset assoc. with frequency of stool
  3. Onset assoc wth change in form of stool
32
Q

IBS treatments

A

modify diet: reduce lactose, gas, increase fiber
antispasmodic - levisin
antidiarrheal - immodium
Promotility - Zelnorm, Amitza

33
Q

C difficile colitis usually after?

A

Abx treatment in nosocomial setting

34
Q

Symptoms of Cdiff colitis?

A

Fever, bloody diarrhea, leukocytosis

35
Q

Diagnose cdiff?

A

stool culture

36
Q

Greatest abx assoc with cdiff?

A

cephalosporins

37
Q

Treatment of Cdiff colitis?

A

Flagyl
Fida
Probiotics
Fecal transplant

38
Q

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) types?

A

Crohn’s

Ulcerative colitis

39
Q

Crohn’s vs Ulcerative COlitis

A

Crohn’s - patchy inflammation of large / small bowels

Ulcerative colitis - continuous ulceration, ONLY colon

40
Q

Crohn’s symptoms

A

pain, diarrhea, obstruction, inflammation

41
Q

Most common site of crohn’s

A

ileum

42
Q

Radiographic apperance of crohn’s

A

string sign

43
Q

endoscopic features of crohn’s

A

cobblestone

44
Q

Ulcerative colitis increased risk for?

A

Cancer

45
Q

Ulcerative colitis symptoms?

A

nocturnal, bloody urgent diarrhea

46
Q

2 types of colon polyps?

A

Hyperplastic benign

Neoplastic adenomatous

47
Q

Apirin and NSAIDS and folate and Ca can do what regards to colon cancer

A

Inhibit progression

48
Q

Colon cancer is # most common cancer in US?

A

2nd, 150K cases in US

49
Q

Colon cancer risk factors

A 
Age (>40)
family history
IBD
Diabetes
EtOH
Pelvic Rad
Smoking
50
Q

Colon cancer protective factors

A

High fiber low fat
Aspirin
NSAIDS
Statins

51
Q

Highest location for colon cancer?

A

right colon ascending

Meds 2 (7 decks)

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