Gastric Secretion Flashcards
What does the body of the stomach produce?
Mucus
HCL
Pepsinogen
Intrinsic factor
What is the antrum responsible for?
Mixing/grinding
Gastrin produciton
Describe the wall of the fundus
Thin and stretchy
What are the three main parts of the gastric glands?
Mucous neck cells
Parietal cells
Chief cells
What do mucous cells secrete?
Mucus
What do parietal cells produce?
HCL
Intrinsic factor
What do chief cells produce
Pepsinogens
How are hydrogen ions expelled from gastric cells?
CO2 enters the cell and combines with water to form carbonic acid - this dossocaites to form carbonate and Hydrogen ion.
Carbonate leaves the cell by chloride shift
Hydrogen leaves the cell by a potassium coupled carrier (1 hydrogen out, 1 potassium in)
H20 moves as a result of the high osmolarity in the stomach lumen
Where is gastrin secreted and where is the receptor?
Gastrin secreted from the antrum, receptor is on the basolateral membrane of the body of the stomach - results in increased activity of the hydrogen - potassium carrier
Gastrin increases intracellular calcium (activating protein kinase C)
Which other compunds result in an increased activity of the potassium hydrogen carrier?
Histamine and acetycholine
What is the effect of prostaglandins?
Activate the inhibatory G protein, which results in inhibition of the hydrogen - potassium carrier
What are the three mechanisms that control gastric secretion?
Neurocrine (Vagus/local reflexes)
Endocrine (gastrin)
Paracrine (histamine)
How are paracrine hormones spread?
Interstitial pathway
What is the result of the sight, smell and taste of food on vagal tone?
Vagal tone increases
What is the result of increased vagal tone on acetylcholine and gastrin?
Increases acetylcholine production and causes an increase in Gastrin produciton by G cells