Gastric Meds Flashcards
what is heartburn
painful burning feeling in chest or throat
- stomach acid backs up into esophagus
why is treating heartburn important?
overtime, reflux can damage the esophagus
what is GERD
gastroesophageal reflux disease
- heart burn more than twice a week
- muscle at end of esophagus does not close properly
what are the signs typical of heartburn
- sharp, burning sensation just below breast bone or ribs
- pain usually comes after meal, when lying on back, when exercising, or with anxiety
- pain generally does not radiate
- responds quickly to antacids
- rarely accompanied by cold sweat
- BP and HR elevate due to pain stress
Upper GI endoscopy
procedure that uses a lighted, flexible endoscope to see inside the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
-painful sores or ulcers in the lining of the stomach or small intestine
what is PUD caused by
- H. pylori bacteria (very common)
- excessive use of NSAID painkillers
- gastric tumor (rare)
symptoms of PUD
- heartburn
- severe pain in mid to upper abdomen
- nausea, vomiting
patients at high risk for PUD
50 yrs or older
family history
can make ulcer symptoms worse and prevent healing
stress and spicy foods
H. pylori
bacterium that is a major cause of peptic ulcers
antibiotics used to treat H. pylori
Clarithromycin, amoxicillin, Bismuth subsalicylate, tetracycline, metronidazole, tinidazole
how does clarithromycin work
suppresses growth of H. pylori by inhibiting protein synthesis
what are the most common side effects of clarithromycin
nausea, diarrhea, distortion of taste
how does amoxicillin work
kills bacteria by disrupting cell wall of H. pylori
what is the most common side effect of amoxicillin
diarrhea
how does bismuth subsalicylate work
act topically to disrupt call wall of H. pylori causing lysis and death
what is a common side of effect of bismuth subsalicylate
harmless and temporary black coloration of tongue and stools
how does tetracycline work
inhibitor of bacterial protein synthesis
what is a common side effect of tetracycline
potential to stain developing teeth in pregnant women and young children
what is a precaution of the use of Metronidazole and tinidazole
do not take within 48 hours of alcohol
how do antacids work?
acts as a base to neutralize stomach acids
what are some examples of antacids
magnesium hydroxide (Milk of magnesia) calcium carbonate (tums) sodium bicarbonate (alka-seltzer)
what are the dangers of overuse of antacids
kidney stones, kidney failure, infections (higher stomach pH)
