Gastric acid drugs Flashcards
what is the mechanism of action of Misoprostil?
inhibits gastric secretion and inhibits mucosal damage done by gastric acid, aspirin and NSAID’s
What drug class is Misoprostil in?
Prostaglandin
What is the black box warning with Misoprostol?
NOT GIVEN TO PREGNANT WOMEN, CAUSES ABORTION, STILL BIRTH, OR BIRTH DEFECTS
What are the adverse effects of misoprosol?
DIARRHEA
vaginal bleeding and uterine cramping abdominal cramping, N/V/D, headache
What drug class does Sulcrafate fall in?
Mucosal protectant
What is the use of Sucralfate?
prevents and treat peptic ulcer disease
What is the issue with Sulcrafate pill?
Its a gigantic horse pill, at risk for dysphagia
what is the adverse effects of sulcrafate?
low severity due to not being absorbed systemically
Constipation and dry mouth may occur
When do we take Sulcrafate?
sulcrafATE
2hrs before you ATE, and taken LATE (bedtime)
DO not take Sulcrafate with what other medications?
Antacids
What do H2 receptors end in?
“-idine”
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Fanitidine (Pepcid)
Zanotidine (Tagamet)
Why do we not give Zanotidine?
to elderly due to strong effects
What is the mechanism of Action of h2 receptors?
block h2 receptors ins stomach, decrease acidity, amount, and pepsin content
what is the use of h2 receptor?
GERD, ulcers, Zollinger Ellison syndrome, and esophagitis
What are the adverse effects of h2 Receptors
GYNOMASTIA: breast growth in men
Diarrhea, confusion, dizziness, headache and drowsiness
Who is more likely to feel confusion when taking h2 receptors?
elderly and patients with renal impairment, increase of serum level and decrease of CrCl clearance
Does h2 receptors have long lasting or short acting effects?
long lasting
when do we take h2 receptors?
30 min before eating and before bed
What are we teaching our patients when taking h2 receptors?
NO overeating
NO smoking
NO saids (cause GI bleed)
NO stress
what are some drug to drug interactions with H2 receptors?
heart medication (beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, antidysrthmias, warfarin), bronchodilators, anticonvulsants, tricyclics, and sulfonylurea anti diabetics
what other drug do we not take with h2 receptors and why?
not taken with antacids due to decreasing absorption of h2 receptors
Proton Pump inhibitors end with what?
prazoles
what are the 3 P’s of PPI’s
Possible Gi infections (due to HCL suppression in stomach)
Porous bones (regular bone density tests, most likely in wrists, hips and spine)
Prevents holes (stress ulcer prophylaxis)
who usually receives PPI’s
usually on medsurg patients are on PPI’s to prevent stress induced ulcers
what are the adverse effects of PPI’s
N/V and headache, osteoporosis, and fractures
what other medications do we ask our patients to take when taking PPI’s?
Calcium and vit d due to bone density
when do we take PPI’s
30 min before meals
drug to drug interactions of PPI’s
benzodiazepines, phenytoin, and warfarin
when do we prescribe PPI’s?
treatment of peptic ulcers, heart burn, GERD, and therapy with 2 other antimicrobials to treat helicobacter pylori
Are PPI’s long or short lasting/acting?
ACTS STRONGER AND LONGERRR
What is the mechanism of action of PPI’s?
prevent pumping of gastric acid from parietal cells into stomach, blocking last step of acid production
what are the drugs in the ANATACID category?
Sodium hydroxide (seltzer)
Calcium bicarbonate (tums/rollaids)
Aluminum hydroxide —–> MYLANTA
Magnesium hydroxide (Milk a Mag)
what is the mechanism of action of mylanta
neutralizes acid, increases ph of gastric secretions
what is the use of Mylanta
gerd, ulcers, heart burn, esophagitis, GI bleed with stress ulcers
what are the adverse effects of Mylanta?
Osteomalacia, hyphosphatemia
Constipation due to aluminum and diarrhea due to magensium
why do we prescribe a Magnesium and Aluminum/calcium drug together?
they cross out the side effects
Anti Acids = anti ______ with?
Anti mixing with other drugs
Magnesium can cause what Side effect?
neuromuscular disease in elderly
Contraindications with antacids?
appendicitis and inflamed bowel
