Antiemtics Flashcards
What drug class does Ondanestron (Zofran) fall under?
5 Ht3 or Serotonin Receptor Antagonists
What is the Action Of Ondanestron (zofran)?
PREVENTS ACTIVATION OF SERATONIN RECEPTORS
What do we use Ondanestron (Zofran) for?
N/V associated with chemo, radiation and post op patients
What are the adverse effects of Ondanestron (Zofran)?
Diarrhea, headache, dizziness, pain at injection site, Fatigue
Elevation of transient liver enzymes
What are the key points of Ondanestron (Zofran)?
serotonin syndrom and high risk for injury
pt will present with: agitation, HTN, tachycardia, and tremors
What is a priority effect of Ondanestronm (zofran)
Torsades de pointes and prolonged QT intervals
What drug class is Scopolamine in?
Anticholingeric antiemtic
What is the mechanism of action of scopolamine?
MI muscarinic receptor antagonists
What are the side effects of Scoplamine?
Anticholingeric (can’t see, pee, spit, or shit)
What is the therapeutic use of Scoplamine?
Relieves nausea and vomiting associated with MOTION SICKNESS and radiation
Dronabinol, how is the medication made?
Made from cannabinoids and marijuana derivatives
What is Dronabinol used for?
N/V caused by chemo
what are the adverse effects of Dronabinol
pyschiatric effects (euphoria, abnormal thinking, tachycardia, paranoia, drowsiness)
What are the risk factors with Dronabinol?
High abuse potential
withdrawal symptoms
What drug class does promethazine fall in?
Phenothiazine
What is the action of Promethazine
It blocks dopamine receptors in the brain
What is promethazine used for?
N/V associated with surgery, anesthesia, migraines, chemo therapy and motion sickness
What are the 2 black box warnings in Promethazine?
No use in <2yrs of age due to respiratory depression (don’t give to children with Reyes syndrome, sleep apnea, hepatic disease or family history of sudden infant death syndrome)
No Sub q injection, must give deep IM due to muscle and tissue damage
what are the side effects of promethazine?
anticholinergic (can’t pee, can’t see, can’t spit, can’t shit)
What drug category does Hydroxyzine fall in?
Antihistamine
What is the action of hydroxyzine?
blocks acetycholine in brain
What are the uses of hydroxyzine?
treats N/V and motion sickness, given in combo with anesthesia
What are drug to drug interactions with hydroxyzine?
CNS depression with sedatives, tranquilizers, muscle relaxants, and antidepressants
how do we administrate Hydroxyzine?
IM not subq
