Gass Exchange- Adaptations

Question 1

What are the three effecting factors on the rate of diffusion?

Answer 1

Surface area
Diffusion pathway distance
Concentration gradient

Question 2

What are four adaptations in plants for increased gas exchange?

Answer 2

Spongy mesophyll layer.
Carbon dioxide is used quickly
Stomata
Thin leaves

Question 3

How does the spongy mesophyll layer increase gas’s diffusion?

Answer 3

It increases the surface area which will increase the rate of diffusion

Question 4

What is the effect of using carbon dioxide quickly in plants?

Answer 4

It maintains the concentration gradient which will maintain a high rate of diffusion

Question 5

What are the benefits of the stomata in gas’s exchange

Answer 5

When guard cells open the stomata it decreases. The diffusion pathway which will increase the rate of diffusion
When guard cells close the stomata it will increase the diffusion pathway which will decrease the rate of diffusion.

Question 6

How does thin leaves benefit gas’s exchange?

Answer 6

Decreases the diffusion distance which will increase the rate of diffusion

Question 7

What is an issue regarding water evaporation and gas’s exchange?

Answer 7

Plants want to conserve water but increasing gas’s exchange also increases water evaporation

Question 8

What are plants that live in conditions with limited fresh water called?

Answer 8

Xerophytic plants

Question 9

What are the three adaptations of xerophytic plants

Answer 9

Sunken, hairy stomata
Needle shaped leaves
Thick, waxy cuticle

Question 10

How do stomata help prevent water loss in xerophytic plants?

Answer 10

They are sunken which increases the diffusion pathway which will decrease the rate of diffusion.
They are hairy which straps damp air to maintain a low concentration gradient which will decrease diffusion

Question 11

How do needle shaped leaves help to prevent water evaporation in xerophytic plants?

Answer 11

They reduce the surface area which will decrease the rate of diffusion

Question 12

How do thick, waxy cuticles help to conserve water in xerophytic plants?

Answer 12

The thickness Increases the length of the diffusion pathway so will decrease the rate of diffusion
The wax on the cuticle is non-polar so repels water which prevents it from evaporating away from the plant.