cell division and identification Flashcards
what does mRNA exit he nucleus through?
nuclear pores
what stores the genetic information in the cell?
nucleus
what part of the nucleus makes ribosomes?
nucleolus
what does the SER make and stand for?
makes- steroids, lipids, carbs
stands for - smooth endoplasmic reticulum
what modifies and packages substances for transport
Golgi
what are vesicles?
membrane sacks used to transport substances
what is the cell membrane called at a level?
Plasma membrane
what organises the spindle in mitosis?
centrioles
what are the organelles suspended in?
cytoplasm
what does lysosomes do?
break down waste using hydrolytic enzymes
which organelle has no membrane and conducts protein synthesis
Ribosome
what molecule do mitochondria make?
ATP
what are the two parts of the mitochondria?
cristae and matrix
what does RER stand for and what is it?
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM is covered in ribosomes for protein synthesis
what is the membrane surrounding the permanent vacuole called?
the tonoplast
what are the main parts of chloroplasts?
thylakoids make up the granum
what is the cell wall made from?
cellulose
what is the membrane of the nucleus called?
nuclear envelope
what are the channels across cell walls called?
plasmodesmata
what is a fungi cell wall mad of?
chitin
what is the tail like structure used for movement called?
flagellum
what extra substance can protect a bacteria cell?
slime capsule
what are pili
hair like attachments used for attachment and communication
how is the nucleic acid (genetic info) stored in a prokaryote?
a single, circular strand of DNA
what is the name of the genetic information that can be passed between prokaryotes?
plasmids
what are the 3 structures of viruses?
attachment proteins, capsid, genome
what two forms can the genetic information of a virus be stored in?
RNA and DNA
what is the extra layer of phospholipids that some viruses have called?
envelope
what is the equation for magnification?
there are two equations for his
objective lens * eyepiece lens
image size/ actual size
what are the two types of microscope?
Electron microscope
Optical microscope
what are the two types of electron microscope?
Transmission electron microscope
scanning electron microscope
which type of microscope creates a 3d image?
scanning electron microscope.
what is the equation to find the length of one eyepiece graticule?
graticule length/ number of divisions
how many nm in one micro meter?
1000
what is the process of isolating specific organelle in a solution called?
cell fractionation
what are the four steps of cell fractionation?
-create solution
-homogenise solution
-filtration
centrifugation
what are the two parts of a solution that has been spun in a centrifuge?
pellet and supernatant.
