Gases Flashcards
What is kinetic molecular theory
All substances contain entities that are inconstant random motion
What are the types of motion the states of matter particles experience
SOlids - vibrational
Liquids - vibrational translational rotational
gas - vibrational, translational, rotational
How does temp affect the statee
The higher the temp the more the kinetic energy which is more likely to overcome the attractive forces between particles and become a gas
cooler substance is more likely to be solid or a liquid
What are the rules of an ideal gas
- particles have negligible voluem
- no attraction or repulsion forces bewteen particles
- gas particles move randomly in straight lines
- Collisions are completely elastic
- avg kinetic eng is directly related to the temp (higher temp higher eng)
What are problems with the ideal gas law
In small quantities the volumes of the gas molecules are significant part
Motion is random not straight lines
attraction exists
What is a mercury barometer
Mercury in an inverted tube in a pan.
Gravity pushes the mercury down but pressure pushes the mercury back up from the pan. Measuring the height of the mercury gives Hg(mm)
How much is 1 atm in kpa
101.325 kpa
STP vs SATP
standard temp and pressure - 0C and 101.325 kpa
Standard ambient temp and pressure - 25C and 100.00KPA
how many mm Hh in a kPa
760 mm Hg
how many PSI in 1 kPa
6.895 Psi
What is boyles law
P1V1 = P2V2
constant temp and gas amt
How to convert to kelvin from Celcius
temp+273.15 = kelvin
What is charles law
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Constant pressure and gas amt
What is Gay-lussec law
P1/T2 = P2/T2
Constant volume and gas amt
What is the combined gas law
P1V 1/T1 = P2V2/T2
What is the law of combining volumes
when temp and press are the same, the volumes of the reactants and products are in same ratio as molar ratio
What is avogadros law
V1/n1 = V2/n2
temp and pressure are constant
What is the molar volume
The space one mole of the gas occupies
1 mole of gas at STP is 22.4L
1 Mole of gas at SATP is 24.8L
Wwhat is ideal gas law
PV=nRT
R = 8.314 kPa·L/mol·K
What is daltons law
Law of partial pressures
Ptot = P1+P2+P3…
temp and volume are constant
