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MCAT Chemistry > Gas Phase > Flashcards

Gas Phase Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an ideal gas?

A

Hypothetical gas with molecules that have NO intermolecular forces and occupy NO volume

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2
Q

When does an gas deviate from the ideal gas laws?

A

At high pressure and low temp

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3
Q

What is the ideal gas law?

A

PV = nRT

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4
Q

What is the ideal gas constant?

A

R = 8.2 . 10^-2

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5
Q

What is the density of a gas equal to?

A

density = P.M / RT = m/V

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6
Q

What is the combined gas law?

A

P1V1/T1 = P1V2/T2

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7
Q

What is the volume of a mole of gas at STP?

A

22.4 L

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8
Q

How does doubling the pressure affect the volume of a gas?

A

Halve the volume

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9
Q

In what unit is temp is gas laws?

A

Kelvin

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10
Q

What is Boyle’s law?

A

P1V1 = P2V2

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11
Q

What is Charles’ Law?

A

V1/T1 = V2/T2

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12
Q

What is Avogadro’s principle?

A

n1/V1 = n2/V2

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13
Q

What is Gay-Lussac’s Law?

A

P1/T1 = P2/T2

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14
Q

What are the 2 equations for Dalton’s law?

A 
Pt = PA + PB +...
PA = Xa . Pt = moles of A/total moles x Pt
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15
Q

What is Henry’s Law? What does it mean?

A

kh = [A1]/P1 = [A2]/P2 OR [A] = Pa . kh
The solubility of a gas will increase with increasing partial pressure
[A] = concentration in solution

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16
Q

What is the average kinetic energy of gas particles?

A

KE = 3/2 . kb . T

17
Q

What is Boltzmann constant?

A

kb = 1.4 x 10^-23

18
Q

What is the root mean squared speed? What does it represent?

A

urms = squaroot of (3RT/M)

Represents the speed to which the average kinetic energy per particle corresponds

19
Q

What is Graham’s Law of diffusion?

A

r1/r2 = squaroote of (M2/M1)

20
Q

How is the volume of real gases compared to ideal gases at high P?

A

Less than

21
Q

How is the volume of real gases compared to ideal gases at low P?

A

More than

22
Q

How is the volume of real gases compared to ideal gases at high T?

A

More than

23
Q

How is the volume of real gases compared to ideal gases at low T?

A

Less than

24
Q

What is the Van der Waals equation of state? What is its purpose? What do a and b correct for?

A

(P+n^2a/V^2)(V-b) = nRT
Purpose: correct for deviations from ideality
a: corrects for intermolecular forces
b: corrects for volume of the molecules

25
Q

What conditions are used for the gas laws?

A

STP: 0 degrees, 1 atm

26
Q

What is vapor pressure?

A

The pressure exerted by evaporated particles above the surface of a liquid

27
Q

Diffusion vs effusion?

A 
Diffusion = when gases mix together
Effusion =  when a gas moves through a small hole under pressure
28
Q

How do high altitudes affect pressure?

A

Low pressure

29
Q

What unit is used for pressure in the gas laws when R is in J/mol.K?

A

kPa

30
Q

How to convert atm to kPa?

A

1 atm = 100 kPa

MCAT Chemistry (17 decks)

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