Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Di 3302 Final > Gas Pattens 2 > Flashcards

Gas Pattens 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is max for small bowel size

A

> 3.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is max for large bower bowel

A

> 5/6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is max size for volvulus (sigmoid/cecum0

A

> 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the 3/6/9 rule

A

max sizes for small bowel/large bowel and volvus obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

size of adynamoic ileum vs smo

A

Adynamic ileus is slightly smaller

<3.5, 5 respectively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

obstruction of bowel symptoms

A
  • intermittent cramping and pain around or below umbilicus
  • bloating
  • vommiting
  • constipation
  • diarrhea (partial)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

obstruction of bowel treatment (complete vs partial)

A

partial- IV fluids, NG tube no oral food/drink

Complete- usually surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Causes of abnormal small bowel air (3)

A

Small bowel obstruction
Adynamic Ileus
Aerophagia (normal pres of air in small bowel from swallowing air)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is adynamic ileus

A

Loss of peristalsis, lumen remain patent

-causes accumulation of gas in the GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Causes of dynamic ileus

A 
Trauma (mc)
post op
sepsis
drugs (opioids)
Myocardial infarction
CHF
peritonitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dynamic ileus imaging signs (how to differential bw this and sbo)

A

Uniform distention in both large and small bowel (air will be all the way down to the rectum)

(can also be local where there is a short segment of involvement near abdominal infmallatory process)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Generalized adynamic/paralytic ileus recovery time

A

Will resolve within a few days post op

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Small bowel obstruction imaging signs

A

Dilated bowel central
loops may stack on each other or coil around
’string of beads sign’
smaller lumen size
valvule connivente
Little to no large bowel gas (blocked to go into Large)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

causes (+mc cause) of sbo

A

80% of all mechanical bowel obstructions

adhesions (due to surgery mc)
hernia
foreign bodies
gallstones

–3-5 hours after onset of acute obstruction, gas and fluid accumulate above/prox to lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when is there too many air/fluid levels in SB

A

> 2 air/fluid levels in SB= abnormal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

average SBO clinical pres

A

Avg age 64yoa, F>M
Abdominal distension, nausea + vommiting
higher obstructions present earlier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the string of beads sign in SBO

A

row of small air bubbles

-air trapped bw the valvular conniventes in a fluid filled dilated small bowel

(** not typically seen in adynamic ileus**)

18
Q

How can u see gallstone ileus on xray

A

air in biliary tree

always check the RLQ-ileocecal valve

19
Q

key signs of SBO vs Paralytic ileus

A

SBO

  • collicly pain
  • abdominal distension is prominent
  • increased bowel sounds
  • little to no air in large bowel

Paralytic ileus

  • pain is not predominant
  • abdominal distention may not be as prominent
  • absent bowel sounds
  • air in large bowel
20
Q

what is pneumobilia + causes

A

air in biliary tree

-always abnormal

21
Q

Causes of pneumobilia (+mc)

A

Surgery (mc)
Stone ruptured into small bowel
malignant tumor

22
Q

What is emphysematous cholecytis and what pt is it seen in/what conditions do they have

A

Gas in gallbladder (rare)

Seen in pts with poorly controlled DM
Also seen w acute inf of GB with gas forming organisms

23
Q

Large bowel obstruction imaging signs

A

Dialated bowel peripheral
bowel lumen >6cm (cecum >9cm)
Hausta
multiple air fluid lvls

24
Q

large bowel obstruction and mc causes

A 
Colon carcinoma (mc)
Diverticulitis (mc)
Volvus
Peritoneal metastases
massively distended bladder or other pelvic mass
adhesions
25
Q

Next steps when a large bowel obstruction is present

A

CT !

26
Q

What is the main sign you will see with a cecal volvulus + what is it

A

Coffee bean sign

Twisting of the bowel which leads to intestinal obstruction

27
Q

mc area for volvus and management

A

sigmoid/cecum

ER referral

28
Q

What are the types of herniation of bowel and mc

A 
Inguinal (mc)
Femoral
Umbilical
Epigastric
Incisional
29
Q

Herniation of bowel sign and what can it lead to

A

painful or painless mass (mc groin/midline abdomen)

Can lead to intestinal obstruction, incarceration and/or strangulation of segment of bowel involved
surgical referral!!

30
Q

Symptoms of herniation of bowel

A

Pain, nausea, vommiting, constipation

31
Q

Imaging signs of toxic megacolon

A

Large Distention with small amounts of air past it (if obstruction u shouldn’t see any air past the distention)

32
Q

What is toxic megacolon and what is it associated w

A

Life threatening complication of other intestinal conditions
-causes rapid and severe widening (dilation) of the large intestine within 1- few days

Often occurs as a complication of inflammatory bowel diseases such as thrones, ulcerative colitis

33
Q

What is risk and mannagement of toxic megacolon

A

risk of rupture (immediate referral)

34
Q

toxic colon clinical symptoms

A 
Abdominal pain
distention
tenderness
fever
tachycardia
shock
35
Q

toxic colon imaging signs + mc area

A

dilated segment of colon >6cm (transverse mc)

  • loss of hausfrau on bowel wall
  • no signs of obstruction
36
Q

What is the rigger sign

A

air outlining the bowel wall on both sides (bowel wall will look kinda white)

37
Q

causes of pneumoperitoneum (+ mc)

A

Perforated abdominal viscus (mc, ulcers/carcinoma)
Trauma
Recent laparotomy

38
Q

What is ascites and causes

A

accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

mc causes

  • cirrhosis (mc)
  • pancreatitis
  • chronic renal failure
  • congestive heart failure
  • bowel obstruction
39
Q

ascites imaging signs

A

Increased density of abdomen
soft tissue margins are obscured
centrally located bowel loops w bulging flanks
small bowel loop increased separation

40
Q

Ascites tx

A

Find and tx underlying cause
reduce sodium in diet
diuretics

Di 3302 Final (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions