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Di 3302 Final > Calcifications 2 > Flashcards

Calcifications 2 Flashcards

1
Q

best modality to see adrenal calcifications

A

CT is best method to evaluate in adults

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2
Q

causes of adrenal calcifications (+ mc)

A

Trauma (hemorrhage mc)
Inf
Neoplasms

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3
Q

how will a pancreatic calcification lood

A

will have calcifications that cross the midline

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4
Q

Chronic pancreatitis clinical featues

A

recurrent attacks of abdominal pain
loss of endocrine + exocrine function
25-50% mortality after 25 years of disease

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5
Q

chronic pancreatitis pop and mc causes

A

mc men>w
40-50yold
associated w excessive alcohol abuse

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6
Q

chronic pancreatitis complications

A

progressive glandular destruction + fibrosis

-can cause psuedocyts, biliary obstruction, biliary obstruction

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7
Q

chronic pancreatitis tx

A

refer to endocrinologist

testing + manage cause of pain

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8
Q

what do splenic calcifications present as

A

can occur in various shapes and forms

typically seen as numerous small rounded densities

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9
Q

splenic calcifications causes

A 
SLE
granulomas
candidiasis
amyloidosis
post infarct
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10
Q

what is a cystic calcification pattern and how does it look

A
  • calcification in the wall of a structure or mass (thin rim type in structure)
  • Such as cyst, pseudocyst or aneurysm
  • smooth curvilinear rim of calcification is seen
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11
Q

cystic calcification imaging findings

A 
round/oval shape
smooth curvilinear rim
rim calcification generally continous
margins are sharp
inf is less dense then margins
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12
Q

what type of calcification is a porcelain gallbladder and how does it look

A

calcification of the wall of the gallbladder
(cyst like calcification)
-often asymptomatic

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13
Q

ho does a kidney cyst present

A

kidney with thin rim of calcification

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14
Q

renal cyst like calcification causes

A

benign tumor
malignancy
inf
benign cysts

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15
Q

Splenic cysts causes and main complications

A

80% are pseudocysts (traumatic)

complications: hemorrhage, rupture, inf (If over 4cm)

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16
Q

How do splenic cysts, hydatid occur and tx

A 
paralytic inf (zoonosis)
echinococcus tapeworm may lodge in the liver, lungs or kidneys

tx: surgical removal

17
Q

cystic lesions of liver causes

A

benign simple cysts
inf
vascular (hepatic artery aneurysm)
tumor (mets)

18
Q

what is an aneurysm + mc loc centrally/periphery/cardiac

A

an abnormal dialation of any vessel
may be in an artery/vein in body

mc= aorta, splenic, renal, vertebrak

mc per= popliteal

mc cardiac= left ventricle

19
Q

aneurysm causes + mc

A 
atherosclerosis (mc)
inf
post stenotic dialation
syphilils 
arterititis
20
Q

what size of AAA def requires surgery

A

> 5.5 cm requires vascular surgery

21
Q

what is a solid mass calcification pattern + look

A

diverse calcification in a solid organ or tumor

  • diverse features of calcification
  • varied in shape
  • iregular calcified border which is more dense
  • uninterupeted margins
22
Q

what are gluteal injection granulomas and symptoms

A

common finding resulting from subcut injection
leads to fat necrosis + scaring
asymptomatic/no clinical sig

23
Q

mesenteric lymph nodes look

A

irregular calcifications
occurs in clusters
usually asymptomatic

24
Q

What is a dermoid cyst , age, look

A

Benign ovarian tumor
16-55yoa
Bilateral up to 25%

25
Q

ovarian dermoid cyst symptoms

A

abdominal and or low back pain
abnormal uterine bleeding
urinary frequency

26
Q

what is a uterine fibroid/leioyoma, age, where

A

most common pelvic timor
w >30-menopause
palpable mass

27
Q

uterine fibroid/leiomyoma symptoms

A 
abdominal fullness/pain
LBP
gas/constipation
bleeding bw periods of heavy mentrual bleeding
increased urinary frequency
28
Q

uterine fibroid look of mass

A

popcorn, mulberry appearence
sometimes cyst like calc

dx us imaging
tx; ob/gyn

29
Q

What is a conduit wall calc and mc thing it effects

A

wall of a channel or vessel becomes calcifies

mc: arteries

30
Q

conduit wall calcification imaging findings

A

parallel, linear opacities or ring like
border may be indistinct, discontinuous, irregular
no internal appearance
ring like when seen en face

31
Q

vascular calcification risk factors (+mc)

A 
Atherosclerosis (mc)
>40
smoking
diabetes
hypertension
obesity
32
Q

aortic aneurysm symptoms

A 
pain 
clammy skin
increased HR
shock or lack of consciousness
may be asymptomatic
33
Q

what is a good screening tool and accurate measuring took for aneurysm

A

US- good for screen

abdominal CT/CTA- accurately measure

34
Q

Splenic artery main sign

A

serpiginous calcification

35
Q

vas deferent calcification look

A

serpentine calc

36
Q

dif causes of bilateral to unilateral vas defeens calc

A

bilateral- non inflammatory (mc diabetes)

Unilateral- Chronic inflammation (ie tb)

Di 3302 Final (5 decks)

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