Calcifications 2 Flashcards
best modality to see adrenal calcifications
CT is best method to evaluate in adults
causes of adrenal calcifications (+ mc)
Trauma (hemorrhage mc)
Inf
Neoplasms
how will a pancreatic calcification lood
will have calcifications that cross the midline
Chronic pancreatitis clinical featues
recurrent attacks of abdominal pain
loss of endocrine + exocrine function
25-50% mortality after 25 years of disease
chronic pancreatitis pop and mc causes
mc men>w
40-50yold
associated w excessive alcohol abuse
chronic pancreatitis complications
progressive glandular destruction + fibrosis
-can cause psuedocyts, biliary obstruction, biliary obstruction
chronic pancreatitis tx
refer to endocrinologist
testing + manage cause of pain
what do splenic calcifications present as
can occur in various shapes and forms
typically seen as numerous small rounded densities
splenic calcifications causes
SLE granulomas candidiasis amyloidosis post infarct
what is a cystic calcification pattern and how does it look
- calcification in the wall of a structure or mass (thin rim type in structure)
- Such as cyst, pseudocyst or aneurysm
- smooth curvilinear rim of calcification is seen
cystic calcification imaging findings
round/oval shape smooth curvilinear rim rim calcification generally continous margins are sharp inf is less dense then margins
what type of calcification is a porcelain gallbladder and how does it look
calcification of the wall of the gallbladder
(cyst like calcification)
-often asymptomatic
ho does a kidney cyst present
kidney with thin rim of calcification
renal cyst like calcification causes
benign tumor
malignancy
inf
benign cysts
Splenic cysts causes and main complications
80% are pseudocysts (traumatic)
complications: hemorrhage, rupture, inf (If over 4cm)
How do splenic cysts, hydatid occur and tx
paralytic inf (zoonosis) echinococcus tapeworm may lodge in the liver, lungs or kidneys
tx: surgical removal
cystic lesions of liver causes
benign simple cysts
inf
vascular (hepatic artery aneurysm)
tumor (mets)
what is an aneurysm + mc loc centrally/periphery/cardiac
an abnormal dialation of any vessel
may be in an artery/vein in body
mc= aorta, splenic, renal, vertebrak
mc per= popliteal
mc cardiac= left ventricle
aneurysm causes + mc
atherosclerosis (mc) inf post stenotic dialation syphilils arterititis
what size of AAA def requires surgery
> 5.5 cm requires vascular surgery
what is a solid mass calcification pattern + look
diverse calcification in a solid organ or tumor
- diverse features of calcification
- varied in shape
- iregular calcified border which is more dense
- uninterupeted margins
what are gluteal injection granulomas and symptoms
common finding resulting from subcut injection
leads to fat necrosis + scaring
asymptomatic/no clinical sig
mesenteric lymph nodes look
irregular calcifications
occurs in clusters
usually asymptomatic
What is a dermoid cyst , age, look
Benign ovarian tumor
16-55yoa
Bilateral up to 25%
ovarian dermoid cyst symptoms
abdominal and or low back pain
abnormal uterine bleeding
urinary frequency
what is a uterine fibroid/leioyoma, age, where
most common pelvic timor
w >30-menopause
palpable mass
uterine fibroid/leiomyoma symptoms
abdominal fullness/pain LBP gas/constipation bleeding bw periods of heavy mentrual bleeding increased urinary frequency
uterine fibroid look of mass
popcorn, mulberry appearence
sometimes cyst like calc
dx us imaging
tx; ob/gyn
What is a conduit wall calc and mc thing it effects
wall of a channel or vessel becomes calcifies
mc: arteries
conduit wall calcification imaging findings
parallel, linear opacities or ring like
border may be indistinct, discontinuous, irregular
no internal appearance
ring like when seen en face
vascular calcification risk factors (+mc)
Atherosclerosis (mc) >40 smoking diabetes hypertension obesity
aortic aneurysm symptoms
pain clammy skin increased HR shock or lack of consciousness may be asymptomatic
what is a good screening tool and accurate measuring took for aneurysm
US- good for screen
abdominal CT/CTA- accurately measure
Splenic artery main sign
serpiginous calcification
vas deferent calcification look
serpentine calc
dif causes of bilateral to unilateral vas defeens calc
bilateral- non inflammatory (mc diabetes)
Unilateral- Chronic inflammation (ie tb)
