Gas Exchange Drugs

Question 1

Beta 2- adrenergic agonist

Answer 1

-Albuterol (inhaled short acting)
-Salmeterol (inhaled long-acting)

Question 2

Beta 2- adrenergic agonists purpose: expected pharmacological action?

Answer 2

Act by selectively activating the beta 2 receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilator. As a result -bronchospasm is relieved -histamine release is inhibited -ciliary motility is increased.

Question 3

Albuterol inhaled short acting

Answer 3

Prevention of asthma episode (exercise-induced)

Question 4

Methylxanthines

Answer 4

Theophylline

Question 5

Methylxanthines expected pharmacological action?

Answer 5

Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilation.

Question 6

Oral theophylline is used for?

Answer 6

Long-term control of chronic asthma or COPD.

Question 7

Antitussives: Non-opioids

Answer 7

Benzonatate

Question 8

Antitussives non opioids expected pharmacological action?

Answer 8

Dextromethorphan suppress cough through its action in the CNS. Derived from opioids.

Question 9

Expectorants

Answer 9

Guaifenesin

Question 10

Guaifenesin pharmacological action?

Answer 10

Promotes increased cough production by increasing and thinning mucous secretions. These actions allow clients to decrease chest congestion by coughing out secretions.

Question 11

Decongestants

Answer 11

Phenylephrine; Pseudoephedrine

Question 12

Decongestants expected pharmacological action?

Answer 12

Sympathomimetic decongestants stimulate alpha1- adrenergic receptors, causing reduction in the inflammation of the nasal membranes.

Question 13

Nasal Cannula

Answer 13

Oxygen Concentration: 24-44%
Flow rate: 1-6L/ min.

Question 14

High flow nasal cannula:

Answer 14

O2 Concentration: up to 100%
Flow rate: up to 60 L/min.

Question 15

Simple face mask:

Answer 15

O2 Concentration: 35-50%
Flow rate: 6-12L/ min. Short-term delivery

Question 16

Nonrebreather Face Mask:

Answer 16

O2 Concentration: 80-95%
Flow rate: 10-15L/ min.
Flow must be high enough to keep the bag 2/3 inflated
Delivers highest concentration of FiO2 mask

Question 17

Partial Rebreather Mask:

Answer 17

O2 Concentration: 60-75%
Flow rate: 6-11L/min.
Reservoir bag should remain 1/3- 1/2 full during inspiration.

Question 18

Venturi Mask:

Answer 18

O2 Concentration: 24-50%
Flow rate: 4-12L/min.
Most accurate form of O2 delivery.

Question 19

Face tent/ Aerosol mask/ Trach collar:

Answer 19

O2 Concentration: 24-100%
Flow rate: 10L/min.
Used when humidification is desired.