Gaps

Question 1

velocity time graph for a skydiver who opens their parachute

Answer 1

Question 2

if there is friction when a ball falls through a material what can you say about kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy?

Answer 2

the gain in kinetic energy is less than the loss in gravitational potential energy

Question 3

intensity angle graph for a polarizer which is turned about 90 degrees in front of another polariser

Answer 3

Question 4

where is the force exerted by the rod a minimum on a circular path?

Answer 4

at the top

Question 5

what is the order in increasing strength of the fundamental forces?

Answer 5

gravity, weak, electromagnetic, strong

Question 6

why were quarks first introduced?

Answer 6

to account for patterns in the properties of elementary particles

Question 7

Show that the intensity of solar radiation on the upper atmosphere of the Earth is approximately 1400Wm^-2 .

Answer 7

I=(σAT⁴)/(4πd²)

I=(5.67x10^-8x(7x10⁸)²x5800⁴)/((1.5x10¹¹)²

I=1397Wm^-2​

Question 8

The albedo of the atmosphere is 0.30. Deduce that the average intensity over the entire surface of the Earth is 245Wm^-2 .

Answer 8

transmitted energy = 0.7x1400=980Wm^-2

(πR²)/(4πR²)x980

245Wm ^-2

Question 9

do alpha, beta and gamma radiation all have discrete energy?

Answer 9

no - alpha and gamma are, beta is not

Question 10

what is the evidence for the quantisation of nuclear energy levels?

Answer 10

alpha and gamma have discrete energies

Question 11

what is the environmental impact of cutting down and burning rainforests?

Answer 11

reduced carbon fixation

Question 12

reasons for the SHM graph

Answer 12

• displacement proportional to acceleration
• negative gradient

Question 13

SHM requirements

Answer 13

• acceleration proportional to displacement from equilibrium
• acceleration directed toward equilibrium

Question 14

greenhouse gas

Answer 14

absorbs IR from Earth, increases temperature of Earth

Question 15

why is methane a greenhouse gas?

Answer 15

• natural frequency of oscillation in IR range
• because of resonance will absorb radiation frequency

Question 17

which particles are involved in strong nuclear interaction?

Answer 17

protons and neutrons

Question 18

Two waves meet at a point in space. Which of the properties always add together?

Answer 18

displacement

Question 19

why is the magnitude of tension in a strong at the midpoint of oscillation greater than weight of pendulum bob?

Answer 19

• bob accelerates towards centre of circular path
• force upwards
• adds to tension produced by weight

Question 20

variation of acceleration with force in a pendulum swing graph

Answer 20

Question 21

Construct a circuit diagram to show how these components should be connected together

in order to obtain as large a range as possible for values of potential difference across the

lamp.

Answer 21

Question 22

units of ratio for thermal capacity to specific heat capacity?

Answer 22

kg

Question 24

difference between internal energy of piece of iron and ideal gas

Answer 24

• iron: KE + PE of molecules
• ideal gas: KE only

Question 25

do the electric field arrows point into or out of a negatively charged conducting sphere?

Answer 25

inwards

Question 26

what are the axes on the nuclide graph?

Answer 26

• Y: binding energy per nucleon
• X: number of nucleons

Question 27

ampere

Answer 27

force between parallel current-carrying conductors

Question 28

test charge

Answer 28

point charge which has no effect on the electric field in which it is placed