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IB Physics > Acceleration and Equations of Motion > Flashcards

Acceleration and Equations of Motion Flashcards

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1
Q

acceleration

A

change of velocity per unit time

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2
Q

acceleration equation

A

(v-u)/t

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3
Q

What is a method of measuring acceleration?

A

single card 2 light gates computer measure velocity of each light gate and time between

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4
Q

measuring distance travelled on graph

A

total area under speed-time graph

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5
Q

measuring displacement on graph

A

total area under velocity-time graph

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6
Q

Describe this velocity-time graph.

A

accelerates for 10min constant velocity of 60m/min for 5min decelerates for 15 mins accelerates for 10 mins in opposite direction decelerates for 15 mins

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7
Q

derive v = u + at

A
  • a = (v-u)/t
  • v = u + at
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8
Q

derive s = ut + ½at²

A
  • s = vt
  • replace v with average velocity s = ((u+v)/2)t
  • subsititue in v = u + at
  • s = ½(u + (u + at))t
  • s = ½(2u + at)²
  • s = ½(2ut + at²)
  • s = ut + ½at²
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9
Q

derive v² = u² + 2as

A
  • v = u + at
  • t = (v – u)/a
  • s = ½(u + v)((v – u)/a)
  • s = ((v + u)(v – u))/2a
  • 2as = (v + u)(v – u)
  • 2as = v² – u² v² = u² + 2as
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10
Q

derive s = ½(u + v)t

A
  • average velocity = (u + v)/2
  • s = ((u + v)/2)t
  • s = ½(u + v)t
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11
Q

deceleration

A

acceleration decreases (negative acceleration)

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12
Q

any object freely moving through the air is… towards the ground under the influence of…

A

accelerated gravity

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13
Q

what does gravity provide?

A

doward acceleration of 9.81m/s^2

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14
Q

what happens the instant an object is dropped?

A

stationary so u = 0m/s

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15
Q

what is the accleration of a dropped object?

A

-9.8m/s^2

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16
Q

what is the initial velocity of an object launched upwards?

A

u = maximum upward velocity

17
Q

what happens when an object reaches its maximum height?

A

v = 0m/s

18
Q

projectile

A

any object that is thrown, launched or falls through air

19
Q

trajectory

A

path travelled by projectile

20
Q

what effect does air resistance have on values obtained in experiments involving projectiles?

A

slightly lesser

21
Q

horizontal projectiles horizontal velocity

A

remains constant until hits the ground

22
Q

horizontal projectiles the larger the horizontal component, the … the range

A

larger

23
Q

horizontal projectiles horizontal acceleration

A

no acceleration

24
Q

horizontal projectiles horizontal displacement equation

A

horizontal velocity x time

25
Q

horizonal projectiles vertical initial velocity

A

u = 0m/s

26
Q

horizontal projectiles vertical acceleration

A

gravity

27
Q

horizontal projectiles the greater the initial vertical velocity the … the final velocity just before hitting the ground

A

greater

28
Q

what shape does a projectile fired from ground have?

A

symmetrical parabolic trajectory

29
Q

range

A

horizontal distance travelled

30
Q

when does the projectile reach its maximum height?

A

half its range half time taken to complete journey

31
Q

how to split projectile motion into horizontal and vertical components?

A

vertical = usinO horizontal = ucosO

32
Q

what remains constant during projectile motion?

A

horizontal component

33
Q

how to graph the vertical component of velocity?

A
34
Q

How does horizontal motion show that air resistance is negligible?

A

displacement constant

therefore velocity constant

no acting horizontal force

35
Q

How to explain vertical motion of projected object?

A

object accelerates due to gravity

constant acceleration

36
Q

If air resistance is not negligible what effect does this have on…

  1. horizontal motion?
  2. vertical motion?
A
  1. horizontal displacement less
  2. accelerates less vertically
  • effect of air resistance increases with time
  • reaches terminal velocity
37
Q

Why is horizontal motion constant?

A

no horizontal force therefore no horizontal acceleration

38
Q

Why does acceleration decrease down a ramp?

A

component of weight down slope causes acceleration

component decreases as moves down slope

air resistance and friction increase with speed

IB Physics (14 decks)

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