Gao 2-26

Question 1

cycloposphamide

Answer 1

alkylating agent- crosslinks DNA during replication

Question 2

cisplatin

Answer 2

platinum drug- crosslinks Guanines in DNA during replication

Question 3

5-FU

Answer 3

5-fluorouracil, prevents pyramide synthesis, interferes in RNA processing, causes bp substitutions, inhibits thymidylate synthase

Question 4

paclitaxel

Answer 4

anti-mitotic, taxane class, promotes tulbulin growth, blocks dissasembly- stops cell at mid-mitosis

Question 5

vincristine

Answer 5

anti-mitotic, vinca-alkyloid class, inhibits tubulin assembly, so mitosis is never reached

Question 6

doxorubicin

Answer 6

anti-cancer antibiotic, topoisomerase inhibitor

Question 7

Which cells are most affected by chemotherapy

Answer 7

stem cells: bone, hair, G.I.

Question 8

What major side effect can be caused by vincristine, paclitaxel

Answer 8

nerve damage, because tubulin activity is affected, so neurotransmitters are not being transported for release

Question 9

What hallmark of cancer would PARP inhibitors mitigate?

Answer 9

genome instability, mutation. These enzymes are overactive in cancer cell replication

Question 10

What hallmark of cancer would VEGF inhibitors mitigate?

Answer 10

angiogenesis

Question 11

What hallmark of cancer would B3 mimetics mitigate?

Answer 11

resistance to apoptosis

Question 12

Drug ending in -mab

Answer 12

Monoclonal Ab

Question 13

Drug ending in -ib

Answer 13

small molecule inhibitor

Question 14

Oncogene Addiction theory

Answer 14

cancer cells become dependent on one survival pathways above any other; a limited number of oncogenes drive malignant phenotype

Question 15

Describe Philadelphia Chromosome (Ph)

Answer 15

Fusion in hametopeotic cells of the BCR-ABL genes that make constitutively active tyrosine kinase, causing uncontrolled growth and apoptotic resistance leading to CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia)

Question 16

Gleevec

Answer 16

A.K.A. Imatinib. Successful, but resistance-inducing, drug inhibiting specifically the BCR-ABL created tyrosine kinase (in CML)

Question 17

Herceptin

Answer 17

A.K.A. Trastuzumab, a humanized AB for Estrogen receptor HER2 in breast cancer

Question 18

P-glycoprotein

Answer 18

drug efflux channel protein

Question 19

MDR1

Answer 19

multi drug resistance gene. Can affect chemotherapeutic results in patients.

Question 20

New anti-cancer drugs are being developed to block the interaction between p53 and MDM2. Which group of patients are most likely to benefit from this type of drugs?

Answer 20

wt p53

Question 21

After treating with p53/MDM2 interaction inhibting drugs, what is most likely to happen in cancer cells?

Answer 21

level of p53 upregulated

Question 22

Application of EGF receptor inhibitors as anti-proliferation drugs in cancer therapy will mostly likely to arrest cell cycle at which checkpoint?

Answer 22

R-point in G1