Gallstones

Question 1

What generally causes gallstones

what are the general symptoms of gallstones

Answer 1

Cholesterol build up

**doesnt generally cause symptoms

Question 2

Epidemiology of gallstones (3)

Answer 2

W > M

Obesity

40+

Question 3

if a stone gets caught in a bile duct, what happens (what is the medical term + pain from it?)

Answer 3

Cholelithiasis

Biliary Colic ==> pain in abdomen caused by obstruction
for 1-5hrs

Question 4

what are 2 investigations used in gallstones

And 1 examination?

Answer 4

Cholangiography ==> Contrast w/xray

Ultrasound ==> see dilated vessels

Murphy’s Sign Hold right area of tummy and ask Px to breathe in = pain

Question 5

What are the 2 surgeries that can be done in gallstones

Answer 5

ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (remove gallbladder)

Question 6

if a Px is not suitable for surgery, what can be given for gallstones

Answer 6

Ursodeoxycholic acid tablets

Question 7

What diet change is needed in a Px with gallstones

Answer 7

reduce fat intake

Question 8

What is a complication of gallstones that involve the gallbladder

Answer 8

Cholecystitis