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ASTR 101 Content ! 💫 > Galaxies > Flashcards

Galaxies Flashcards

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1
Q

Galaxy

A

Clear System of Gas and Stars

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2
Q

Types of Galaxies

A

Spiral, Elliptical, & Irregular

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3
Q

What influences the shape of Galaxies?

A

How organized the orbit of stars are within a galaxy.

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4
Q

What influences shape of Spiral Galaxy?

A

Stars in disk of Spiral Galaxies orbit in sync; All Stars go around the Galaxy in similar orbits.

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5
Q

What influences the shape of Elliptical Galaxies?

A

Stars move in random orbits, orientations, and sizes; Complex, irregular orbits; In all directions

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6
Q

Bulge and Halo objects orbit in ____

A

Random directions

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7
Q

What do Blue Stars indicate in a galaxy?

A
  1. O & B Stars
  2. Short-lived; formed recently
  3. Active Star formation
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8
Q

Visible Red Stars humans see are ____

A

Red Giants

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9
Q

What type of stars are in spiral galaxies? Where are they located?

A

Disk: Blue Stars; where Star formation occurs
Bulge: Red Stars (Population II stars)
Halo: Star Clusters and Older Stars

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10
Q

Spiral Arms

A

Parts of the disk with areas of hot (ionized) and cold gas.

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11
Q

What is theorized about Spiral Arms?

A

Wave of Star formation traveling around disk.

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12
Q

Physics Between Gas and Stars in Galaxy

A
  1. Gas can easily sink; stars cannot (friction)
    - Gas loses energy, causing sinkage
  2. Stars cannot lose kinetic energy; they preserve kinetic energy & angular momentum
  3. Stars do not collide
  4. Dark Matter acts like Stars
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13
Q

What do disks in galaxies indicate?

A

Gas was left over from halo formation.

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14
Q

When do Spiral Galaxies form?

A

When halo formation does not use up all the gas; Gas turns into stars slowly.

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15
Q

When do Elliptical Galaxies form?

A

All Gas turns into starts quickly; No gas left to form disk

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16
Q

What determines the type of galaxy formed?

A

Initial Star formation rate

17
Q

What are the two types of Star Populations?

A

Population I - Younger population of stars enriched with metals (More Metals! - elements heavier than helium)
Population II - Older population of stars with simpler elements (Hydrogen & Helium)

18
Q

What population of stars do parts of Galaxy form?

A

Halo - Population II
Disk - Population I

19
Q

How are Population I stars formed?

A

Formed from enriched gas that is returned from Stars fusing Hydrogen and heavier elements.

20
Q

What happens in Galaxy formation?

A

Big Cloud of Dark Matter & Gas -> Gas Collapses -> Stars Form -> Stars remain (do not move)

ASTR 101 Content ! 💫 (17 decks)

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