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Foundations of Mobility > Gait > Flashcards

Gait Flashcards

1
Q

what do you need to have in order to have capacity for mobility

A

rom, muscles innervated

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2
Q

how can you determine a patient’s stability/static control?

A

can pt. sit on edge of bed?

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3
Q

controlled mobility using crutches

A

can you go crutches, right, left, crutches, right, left

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4
Q

choose the

A

least restrictive device

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5
Q

pre-gait activities

A

sitting balance; just start walking

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6
Q

what is functional walking?

A

smooth progression of CoG over BoS; adaptable to be funtional

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7
Q

Rancho Phases of Stance

A 
initial contact
loading response
mid-stance
terminal stance
pre-swing
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8
Q

Traditional Phases of Stance

A 
heel strike
foot flat
mid-stance
heel off
toe-off
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9
Q

Rancho Phases of Swing

A

initial swing
mid-swing
terminal swing

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10
Q

Traditional Phases of Swing

A

acceleration
mid-swing
deceleration

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11
Q

parameters of gait

A 
step/stride length
stride width (base of support)
walking velocity
step/stride time
single limb support
single/double limb support time
cadence
line of progression
coordination
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12
Q

step length

A

one foot to other foot

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13
Q

stride length

A

same foot to same foot

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14
Q

non-weight bearing

A

no weight on that limb; that foot should not touch the floor

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15
Q

toe-touch or touch-down WB

A

touching with toes for balance
5% BW
hop with walker

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16
Q

why would you instruct someone to hop with the walker when practicing/performing toe-touch or touch-down WB?

A

old motor learning pattern; do not have toe touch pattern

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17
Q

partial weight bearing

A

provide external target
percentage is a generalization
check with physician

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18
Q

weight bearing as tolerated is limited by

A

pain

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19
Q

what mobility devise requires the most energy consumption?

A

standard walker

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20
Q

what should you consider when choosing the least restrictive mobility device?

A
  1. be safe

2. least restrictive vs. stability

21
Q

stability vs mobility trade offs

A

reduced LE weight bearing
LE weakness
impaired balance

22
Q

parallel bars are the _____ ________ and used in _____ ____

A

most restrictive; early gait

23
Q

what is a negative factor of using a rollater?

A

creates an abnormal gait pattern; used by those with poor balance

24
Q

sit to stand transfer

A

patient slides to edge of chair
stronger foot posterior to weaker foot
keep affected leg extended
push down on armrests

25
Q

sit-to-stand after THA

A

cannot do traditional
involved foot out front
give a visual–>pregnant lady; lead with your hips

26
Q

parallel bars

A

most stable; lest mobile

great for training

27
Q

how high should parallel bars be?

A

handle of device to wrist/greater trochanter

hands in functional position with slight flexion

28
Q

where should you guard during gait?

A

guard on the side the patient is most likely to fall (weaker side)

29
Q

how do you quickly move a wheelchair?

A

pick it up and wheel it on the casters

30
Q

what is the least mobile type of walker?

A

standard walker

31
Q

requirements for a rollater

A

manage breaks

ability to stand/turn

32
Q

when might you use a platform walker?

A

help with posture
cannot put weight through hand or loss of function
can’t grip walker

33
Q

advantages and disadvantages of a hemi walker

A

used with strength only on one side
promote increased lateral sway and more weight bearing on strong side
used with hemiparesis
better ideas => platform walker

34
Q

how high should a cane be?

A

come to ular styloid process

35
Q

fitting walker, crutch, cane

A

elbow with 15-20˚ flexion
elbow position determines forearm positition
forearm position determines line of force

36
Q

guarding techniques

A

requires a gait belt unless nearing independence–not patient’s pants
gait belt should be snug and held with a supinated grip
guard behind and slightly to the side to which the patient is most likely to fall (weak side)
wide BoS–lateral and A-P

37
Q

tips for axillary crutches

A

stand upright
look straight ahead
do not hang on the axillary pads

38
Q

what side should a singular cane/crutch go on?

A

the contralateral side to off-load

39
Q

a 2-point gait pattern is

A

reciprocal gait, simultaneous

40
Q

3-point gait pattern

A

crutches, R, L

crutches w/ NWB

41
Q

4-point gait pattern

A

2 crutches, 2 legs, opposite leg, opposite crutch
also known as a deliberate 2-point gait
cannot do with one extremity

42
Q

step-to gait

A

step to crutches

more stable–>more time in double stance phase

43
Q

step-through gait

A

step through crutches
uninvolved goes past
during swing phase of gait

44
Q

swing-to/swing-through gait pattern

A 
both legs move together
cannot step
tri-pod
power of advancing legs comes from momentum of hips and trunk
typically land on both feel =>foot-flat
45
Q

cutches and injured leg always go

A

together

46
Q

when using a walker to go up or down stairs, which leg goes first?

A

the walker always goes first

47
Q

to safely fall forward when using crutches

A

push crutches away to the side (ER)
flex elbows slightly
turn head

48
Q

falling backward with crutches

A

push crutches to the side
tuck chin toward chest
reach forward with both upper extremities (slow fall and move center of gravity forward)

49
Q

progressive gait training

A 
ambulate on uneven surfaces
ambulate on unsteady surfaces
directional changes
vary gait speed and incline
increase environmental obstacles and distractions
walk backwards
side-stepping
braiding (grapevine)
tandem
walk on toes/heels
have patient practice opening and closing doors and ambulating over the threshold

Foundations of Mobility (9 decks)

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