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T2 - Dani's GA2 > GA2 - face and scalp > Flashcards

GA2 - face and scalp Flashcards

1
Q

scalp covers the ___

A

calvaria

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2
Q

scalp extends from the ____ ___ ___ posteriorly to the ___ ___ anteriorly

A

superior nuchal line

supraorbital margin

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3
Q

scalp is made of 5 layers

A 
skin
CT of fibrofatty tissue
aponeurotic layer
loose areolar tissue
pericranium
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4
Q

CT layer of fibrofatty tissue is also known as the ____

A

hypodermis

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5
Q

aponeurotic layer of the scalp is a flat sheet of ___

A

tendon

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6
Q

aponeurotic layer of the scalp is also known as the ___ ___

A

galea aponeurotica

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7
Q

skin, CT and aponeurosis can ____ to move over the loose areolar layer

A

separate

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8
Q

pericranium is the ___ of the skull

A

periosteum

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9
Q

5 arteries form an anastomotic network of vessels to supply the scalp

A 
supratrochlear
supraorbital
superficial temporal
post auricular
occipital
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10
Q

with a laceration to the scalp there would be ____ bleeding

A

profuse

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11
Q

with a coronal laceration of the scalp there would be a ___ would

A

gaping

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12
Q

sensory nerve supply to the scalp is by 7 nerves

A 
supratrochlear
supraorbital
zygomaticotemporal
auriculotemporal
lesser occipital
greater occipital
third occipital
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13
Q

supratrochlear and supraorbital are both branches of the ____ of the ___

A

ophthalmic

trigeminal

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14
Q

zygomaticotemporal is a branch of the ___ division of the ___

A

maxillary

trigeminal

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15
Q

lesser occipital nerve a cutaneous branch of the ___ plexus

A

cervical (C2, C3 ventral rami)

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16
Q

greater occipital and third occipital nerves come from ___ rami

A

dorsal

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17
Q

scalp is drained by 5 veins

A 
supratrochlear
supraorbital
superficial temporal
post auricular
occipital
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18
Q

superficial temporal and maxillary veins join to form the ___ vein

A

retromandibular

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19
Q

post division of the retromandibular and post auricular join together to form the ___ ___ vein

A

external jugular

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20
Q

ant retromandibular and facial join to make the ___ ___ vein which then drains into the ___ ___ vein

A

common facial

internal jugular

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21
Q

face is the ___ aspect of the head

A

anterior

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22
Q

basic shape of the face is determined by 4 things

A

underlying bones
deposition of fatty tissue
color and effects of aging
abundance, nature and distribution of hair

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23
Q

buccal fat pad helps babies in ____

A

suckling

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24
Q

when a person has sunken in cheeks they probably have an ___ ___

A

eating disorder

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25
Q

face plays an important role in ____

A

communication

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26
Q

muscles of facial expression usually lie within the ___ fascia of the face

A

superficial

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27
Q

muscles of facial expression rise mostly from ___ bones and insert in the __ of the face

A

skull

skin

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28
Q

facial muscles around the orifices of the face act like ____

A

sphincters

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29
Q

facial muscles also act to produce various types of facial ___

A

expressions

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30
Q

all muscles of the face originate from the ___ pharyngeal arch

A

2nd

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31
Q

all facial muscles receive motor supply from the ___ nerve

A

facial

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32
Q

facial nerve carries ___ fibers

A

SVE

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33
Q

occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis attaches at the lateral 2/3 of the ___ ___ ___ to ____ aponeurosis

A

superior nuchal line

epicranial

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34
Q

frontal belly of the ocipitofrontalis attaches to the ___ aponeurosis to the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the ___ and ___

A

epicranial
eyebrows
forehead

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35
Q

innervation to the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis

A

post auricular branch of CN VII

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36
Q

innervation to the frontal belly of the occipitofrontralis

A

temporal branch of facial nerve

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37
Q

action of the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis

A

retracts the scalp

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38
Q

action of the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis

A

protracts the scalp

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39
Q

action of both bellies of the occipitofrontalis

A

elevates the eyebrows and produce transverse wrinkles across the forehead

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40
Q

corrugator supercilli attachments:

from medial end of ___ ___ to the skin of the ___

A

supercilliary arch

eyebrow

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41
Q

innervation to the corrugator supercilli

A

temporal branch of facial nerve

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42
Q

action of the corrugator supercilli

A

draws eyebrows medially

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43
Q

sphincter muscle of the eye lid is the ___ ___

A

orbicularis oculi

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44
Q

dilator muscles are the ___ ___ ___ and the ___

A

levator palpebrae superioris

occipitofrontalis

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45
Q

attatchments of the orbicularis oculi:

medial ___ lig runs in the eyelids in front of tarsal plate to attach to the lateral ____ raphe

A

palpebral

palpebral

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46
Q

3 parts to the orbicularis oculi

A

orbital
palpebral
lacrimal

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47
Q

innervations of the upper orbicularis oculi

A

temporal branch of facial

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48
Q

action of the orbicularis oculi

A

closes the eyelids

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49
Q

bell’s palsy

A 
facial n damaged
cant close eyes 
cant blink
xerophthalmia - dry eyes
lagophthalmos - eyes stay open
cornea lacerations
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50
Q

levator palpebrae superioris elevates ___ eyelid

A

upper

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51
Q

levator palpebrae superioris is ___ a muscle of ___ ___

A

not

facial expression

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52
Q

innervation to the lower orbicularis oculi

A

zygomatic branch of facial

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53
Q

2 parts to the nasalis

A

compressor naris

dilator naris

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54
Q

attachment of the nasalis

originates from ___ and ___ process

A

maxilla

frontal

55
Q

dilator portion of the nasalis inserts into the ___ of the nose

56
Q

compressor portion of the nasalis crosses the bridge of the nose to insert into the muscle of the ___ side

57
Q

innervation of the nasalis

A

buccal branch of facial nerve

58
Q

action of the nasalis

A

compresses and dilates the nostrils

59
Q

attatchment of the procerus

- continuous with the medial portion of the ___ muscle and arises from the ___ bone

A

occipitofrontalis

nasal

60
Q

procerus inserts into the skin between the ___ and ___ of the nose

A

eyebrows

bridge

61
Q

innervation to the procerus

A

zygomatic branch of facial nerve

62
Q

action of the procerus

A

pulls down the medial end of the eyebrows and wrinkles skin of the nose

63
Q

attachment of the orbicularis oris

- orbits the ___ orifice within the substance of the ____

64
Q

some fibers of the orbicularis oris attach to the ____ above and ____ below

A

maxilla

mandible

65
Q

many fibers of the orbicularis oris are derived from ___ muscle

A

buccinator

66
Q

innervation to the upper orbicularis oris

A

buccal branch of the facial nerve

67
Q

innervation to the lower orbicularis oris

A

mandibular branches of the facial nerve

68
Q

action of the orbicularis oris

A

compress the lips together

69
Q

dilator muscles of the lips radiate from the ___ and act to ___ the lips

A

lips

separate

70
Q

2 innervations to the dilator muscles of the lips

A

buccal and mandibular branches of facial nerve

71
Q

4 dilator muscles of the lip

A

levator labii superioris (alaque navii)
levator labii superioris
zygomatic major
zygomatic minor

72
Q

action of the dilator muscles of the lip

A

separate the lips

73
Q

parotid duct pierces the ___ muscles

A

buccinator

74
Q

buccinator muscles are covered by ___ ___ ___

A

buccal fat pad

75
Q

buccinator muscles originates from ___ ___ of maxilla and mandible oppostie the __ teeth and from the pterygomandibular raphe

A

alveolar margins

molar

76
Q

buccinator inserts into 2 things

A

upper and lower lip

77
Q

buccinator is innervated by what nerve

A

buccal branch of facial nerve

78
Q

action of the buccinator

A

compresses the lips and cheeks against the teeth

79
Q

parotid gland is located in the ___ region

80
Q

parotid gland secretes ___ fluid

81
Q

superior boundary of parotid gland

A

zygomatic arch

82
Q

posterior boundary of parotid gland

A

ext ear and ant border of SCM

83
Q

medial border of parotid gland

A

ramus of mandible

84
Q

ant border of parotid gland

A

ant border of masseter

85
Q

mumps paratitis

A

inflammation of parotid gland and tetes

intnse pain from sheath bc it doesnt give

86
Q

openings of the parotid gland are inside the cheek next to the upper ___ ___

87
Q

parotid plexus of nerves are formed by the ___ n

88
Q

facial nerve goes through ___ foramen and gives off branches and forms a plexus ___ parotid gland

A

zygomastoid

behind

89
Q

sensory innervations to the parotid gland are through 2 nerves

A

auriculotemporal

greater auricular

90
Q

auricular temporal n is a branch of the ___ branch of the __ nerve

A

mandibular

temporal

91
Q

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland are from the ___ nerve

A

glossopharyngeal

92
Q

glossopharyngeal n to the parotid gland synapses at the ___ ganglion

93
Q

post gg parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland are carried by the ___ nerve

A

auriculotemporal

94
Q

sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland are _____

A

completmentary

95
Q

sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland are from the preganglionic fibers from the ___ horns of ___-___

A

lateral

T1-T2

96
Q

preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the parotid gland synapse at the ___ ___ ganglion

A

superior cervical

97
Q

post gg symp fibers to the parotid gland form the ___ __ plexus

A

external carotid

98
Q

sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland is ____

A

vasomotor

  • vasoconstriction
  • decreased blood flow
99
Q

what 2 fibers are damaged if during a parotidectomy the auriculotemporal n was cut?

A

GSA

post gg symo

100
Q

Freys syndrome

A

parasymp of parotid gland regenerates to sweat glands on skin and cuases profuse sweating when he/she sees food

101
Q

post gg sympathetic from lat horns of T1-T2 accompany the ___ ___ artery

A

external carotid

102
Q

lesser petrosal nerve carry____ fibers and synapse at the ___ ganlgion

103
Q

after post gg parasymp fibers synpase at the otic ganglion ____ nerve carries branches to the parotid gland

A

auriculotemporal

104
Q

5 anterior branches of the facial n

A 
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
marginal mandibular
cervical
105
Q

2 post branches of the facial n

A

branch to post belly of digastric

post auricular

106
Q

facial nerve provides ___ supply to all ___ muscles

A

motor

facial

107
Q

facial nerve exits the ____ foramen and runs forward within the ___ ___ gland and give branches

A

stylomastoid

parotid salivary

108
Q

temporal branch of the facial supplies:

  • ant and sup ____ muscles
  • frontal belly of ____
  • ___ ___
  • ___ ___ muscles
A

auricular
occipitofrontalis
orbicularis oculi
corrugator supercilli

109
Q

zygomatic branch of facial supplies:

  • ____ ___
  • other muscles inferior to the ____
A

orbicularis oculi

orbit

110
Q

buccal branch of facial supplies

  • ___ muscle
  • muscles of the upper ___ and ____
A

lip

nostrils

111
Q

marginal mandibular branch supplies:

  • ___
  • other muscles of the ___
A

risorius

lip

112
Q

cervical branch of the facial supplies the ___

113
Q

post auricular branch of the facial supplies the superior and post ___ muscles and occipital belly of ___ muscle

A

auricula

occipitofrontalis

114
Q

most common cause of injury to the facial nerve is ____ in the sylomastoid foramen
- produces ___ and ___ of the nerve in the facial canal

A

inflammation
edema
compression

115
Q

clinical manifestations of injury to the facial nerve

A

eversion of the lower lid

displacement of the mouth with drooping of the corner due to contraction of unopposed contralateral facial muscles

116
Q

skin of the face is supplied by 3 divisions of the trigeminal

A

ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular

117
Q

5 branches of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal that supply the skin of the face

A 
lacrimal
supraorbital
supratrochlear
infratrochlear
external nasal
118
Q

3 branches of maxillary branch of the trigeminal

A

zygomaticotemporal
zygomaticofacial
infraorbital

119
Q

3 branches of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal

A

auriculotemporal
buccal
mental

120
Q

facial a is a branch of the ___ ___ a

A

external carotid

121
Q

4 facial branches of the facial a

A

submental
inferior labial
superior labial
lateral nasal

122
Q

superficial temporal a is a terminal branch of the __ ___ a

A

external carotid

123
Q

3 facial branches of the superficial temporal a

A

transverse facial
frontal branch
parietal branch

124
Q

maxillary a is a terminal branch of the ___ ___ a

A

external carotid

125
Q

2 facial branches of the maxillary artery

A

mental infraorbial

126
Q

ophthalmic a is a branch of the __ ___ a

A

internal carotid

127
Q

3 facial branches of the ophthalmic a

A

supraorbital
supratrochlear
dorsal nasal

128
Q

facial v is formed at the ___ angle of the eye by the union of ___ and ___ vv

A

medial
supratrochlear
supraorbital

129
Q

facial v is joined by the ___ v to form the ___ ___ v

A

retromandibular

common facial

130
Q

common facial v terminates in the ___ __ v

A

internal jugular

131
Q

facial v has connections to the pterygoid venous plexus through the ___ ___ vv

A

deep facial

132
Q

facial v connections to the cavernous sinus through the ___ ___ v

A

superior ophthalmic

133
Q

thrombophlebitis of facial v

A

inflammation of facial v

134
Q

thrombophlebitis of facial v may spread infection to the ___ ___ system through the ___ sinus

A

intracranial venous

cavernous

T2 - Dani's GA2 (5 decks)

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