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MAOR102 > Futures > Flashcards

Futures Flashcards

1
Q

What was the 1975 Maori Land March

A

Te Ropu o te Matakite: organising committee of the land march on parliament. Started at Te Hapua (Northland) and ended at Wellington

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2
Q

Who was Whina Cooper

A

Influential Maori leader, prominent in 1975 Maori Land March

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3
Q

What was the result of the 1975 Maori Land March

A

Forced labour government to pass legislation that set up the Waitangi tribunal

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4
Q

What happened at Bastion Point

A

Ngati Whatua and other protestors take a stand in respect to Ngati Whatua’s last piece of land at Orakei in Auckland. 1977, protestors occupy Bastion point after announcement of housing development on land once belonging to Ngati Whatua. After 506 days police and army arrived en masse to remove them

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5
Q

What is the Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975

A

Bastion point given back to Ngati Whatua, Maori must claim that they have been prejudicially affected by the crown, crown’s actions or omissions were inconsistent with the principles of te tiriti. Section 6

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6
Q

What was the 1985 Treaty of Waitangi Amendment act

A

Allowed the tribunal to consider claims prior to 1975

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7
Q

What does the Waitangi tribunal hear first

A

Bastion Point case: Orakei Report 1987. In breach of principles of the treaty, duty of active protection

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8
Q

What was the 1995 settlement with Waikato-Tainui

A

$150 million

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9
Q

What apology did Queen Elizabeth II issue in 1995

A

Apology to Tainui, signs Tainui Raupatu Bill

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10
Q

What is the Maori worldview

A

Creation narratives help us make sense of the world around us and our place in the world. The concept of hauora is connected closely to our whakapapa, highlighting a connection between nga atua, tangata and the natural environment

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11
Q

What is hauora

A

Holistic view of health. Hau: breath, Ora: wellbeing

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12
Q

What is Te Whare tapa wha comprised of

A

Taha tinana, hinengaro, whanau, wairua

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13
Q

What is Te Pae Mahutonga

A

Southern cross star constellation model of health. Te mana whakahaere, nga manukura, toiora, te oranga, waiora, mauriora

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14
Q

Why is hauora maori important?

A

Improving Maori health outcomes, addressing health inequities, upholding maori rights under te tiriti

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15
Q

What are the social determinants of health

A

The conditions in which we are born, grow, work and live which impact our health and wellbeing

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16
Q

How did Maori identify before European arrival

A

From specific iwi, hapu, whanau groups

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17
Q

What was the impact of colonisation on Maori identity

A

Loss of land, culture, disconnect from turangawaewae

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18
Q

What was the imagined identity of Maori by others

A

Uncivilised, heathens, noble savage, child like

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19
Q

What does today’s imagined identity of Maori involve

A

Must be turangawaewae (live on homeland), specific lifestyle, look maori, speak maori, do haka etc, privileged

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20
Q

What is the theory of Maori identity

A

Need to reclaim the right to define for ourselves who we are, what our rights are. Challenge definitions that are not our own

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21
Q

What is the Maori technology course definition

A

Tools, devices, machines that have been developed by the application of Maori knowledge

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22
Q

What some examples of early Maori technology

A

Kete (basket), waka modifications: double shouldered adze, triangular sail vs square rig, modern applications. Technology in narratives: Maui and his grandmother’s jawbone. Astronomy and navigation techniques

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23
Q

What were the original Maori weapons

A

He mere patu pounamu, he wahaika, spears. Introduction of muskets revolutionised warfare. Diminishment of oral negotiation and altered power dynamics

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24
Q

What do archived Maori letters provide insight into

A

Inform Waitangi tribunal on past histories, whakapapa of individuals, portal to another time

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25
Q

What is an example of a maori newspaper

A

Te karere o niu tireni

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26
Q

What was Radio New Zealand obliged to do as a treaty partner (waitangi tribunal report 11)

A

Set aside 21 radio stations for use of iwi based promotion of the language. Broadcasting was seen as a method for revitalisation of te reo

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27
Q

What is Te Karere

A

News and current events television. Enables a Maori worldview modern news source. Programme dedicated to Maori centric worldview. Regular news segment 1983, gave maori an opportunity to get a modern approach to implementing te ao maori into news. Development of whakaata maori in 2004

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28
Q

What is digital equity

A

Everyone can access and use digital technologies so as to participate fully in society, democracy, economy

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29
Q

What is diaspora

A

Dispersal of indigenous populations beyond their home territories

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30
Q

Who are hau kainga

A

Those who remain at their home territory

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31
Q

Who are taura here

A

Those who are separated or move away from their home territory

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32
Q

How can present technology help us patch together whakapapa disconnect

A

Ancestry DNA, carbon dating, historical letters

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33
Q

Why did Te Reo use decline so rapidly (95% Maori population fluent in 1900, 25% by 1960)

A

School environment

34
Q

How did Te Reo become a written language

A

Kendall develops A Korao no New Zealand in 1815. Bible translated into Te Reo. 1820 Samuel Lee and Kendall develop a further rudimentary orthography of the Maori language, known as The Grammar.

35
Q

When was the first Mission school set up

A

1816 by Thomas Kendall. At Rangihoua in the bay of islands. All lessons in Te Reo, bible used as main syllabus, displace Maori traditions

36
Q

What is education ordinance

A

Introduced under George Grey, essentially an assimilation policy. Schools only paid if they taught the curriculum in english. Curriculum focussed on religious instruction and providing industrial training to Maori students

37
Q

When was education ordinance

A

1847

38
Q

When was the native schools act

A

1867

39
Q

What was the native schools act

A

Replace mission schools with Maori village schools to disestablish tikanga Maori (advance assimilation). Use of Maori language discouraged. Native schools come under state control through the department of native affairs. Maori communities had to provide the land, half the building costs and a quarter of the teacher’s salary

40
Q

When was the native schools code

A

1880

41
Q

What was the native schools code

A

Standardisation of operation of native schools. Preferably run by a husband and wife team to exemplify a good European way of life. Husband headmaster, wife more feminine arts (textiles, cooking, etc). Allowed junior classes to speak Maori, expecting them to default to English later in life. Only prepared Maori to work low paying jobs

42
Q

How long were native schools in place for

A

1867-1969

43
Q

What happened with native schools in 1929

A

Adopted same syllabus as public schools but focus still on manual and practical education. Include english language instruction, arithmetic, geography, parts of European culture to make Maori good citizens. Punished for speaking Maori

44
Q

When did activism for the preservation of Maori language and culture begin

A

1970s

45
Q

When did Nga Tamatoa and the Te Reo Maori society present a 30000 signature petition to parliament calling for the inclusion of Maori language and culture courses in schools

A

1972

46
Q

When was the first maori language week

A

1975

47
Q

When did the Waitangi tribunal publish recommendations on the Maori language claim

A

1986

48
Q

Whose research resulted in strong support of the 1972 petition

A

Richard Benton

49
Q

What were the waitangi tribunal’s recommendations on the maori language claim

A

Set up a commission tasked with preserving te reo maori, pass legislation making te reo an official language

50
Q

When was te reo made an official language

A

1987, through maori language act

51
Q

When was Te Taura Whiri i Te Reo Maori established

A

1987

52
Q

What did the 2016 Maori Language Act primarily do

A

Set up te Matawai to act on behalf of iwi and maori to provide leadership in the health and wellbeing of the Maori language for iwi and Maori, support, inform and influence the crown’s initiatives in protecting, promoting and revitalising the Maori language, and monitor relationship of crown with iwi and maori in relation to te reo. Also involved in maori television service

53
Q

When was the first Maori Language Act

A

1987, made te reo an official language

54
Q

What else did the 2016 Maori language act do

A

Maihi Maori strategy and contribute to Maihi Karauna strategy. Authority over Maori entities like Maori language commission (te taura whiri i Te Reo Maori) and Maori TV back to iwi. New strategies to revitalise te Reo

55
Q

What is ZePa

A

Model for Maori language revitalisation

56
Q

Who developed ZePa

A

Professor Rawinia Higgins and Emeritus Professor Poia Rewi

57
Q

What are the three critical positions of receptivity to the Maori language

A

Zero, Passive, Active

58
Q

What are the three modalities of the ZePA model

A

Left shift, stasis, right shift

59
Q

What does zero (kore) receptivity to the Maori language mean

A

Opposed to Maori language use, zero receptivity

60
Q

What does passive (Po) receptivity to the Maori language mean

A

Accommodates the Maori language and does not restrict its use

61
Q

What does active (awatea) receptivity to the Maori language mean

A

Actively strives to advance the Maori language in all areas

62
Q

What does a left shift in the ZePA model mean

A

Behavioural regression

63
Q

What does a static ZePA model mean

A

No shift in attitude toward the Maori language

64
Q

What does a right shift in the ZePA model mean

A

Behavioural progression

65
Q

When did Te Ataarangi Maori language classes begin

A

1979

66
Q

When did the first kohanga reo open at waiwhetu marae in Lower Hutt

A

1981

67
Q

When did the first kura kaupapa Maori open in Auckland

A

1985

68
Q

When were kura kaupapa Maori first recognised as official schools within the NZ education system (and wananga recognised as official tertiary education institutes)

A

1989

69
Q

What are Te Kōhanga Reo

A

Maori language preschools for young children. Total immersion, management and decision making by whanau, committed to health and wellbeing of mokopuna and whānau

70
Q

What are kura kaupapa maori and wharekura

A

Maori full immersion schools, years 0-13. Underpinned by Te Aho Matua

71
Q

What are kura-a-iwi

A

Students receive an education that cannot be found at any other state school. Categorised as a type of designated character school. Iwi or location specific

72
Q

When was Te Reo Maori education set up

A

1997

73
Q

What was the Waitangi tribunal claim in 1998 regarding te reo maori education

A

Crown failed to provide resources to the wananga on an equitable basis with other tertiary education institutions

74
Q

What is development controlled by

A

Power and knowledge

75
Q

What is values based economics

A

Greater inclusion of social, environmental and cultural concerns. Re introduces values into the economy

76
Q

How does Maori not fit into capitalism, global imperialism and colonialism

A

Prioritise profit, individualism, economic imperative. An indigenous economy is hidden from a capitalist framework, driven by communities and whanau, hidden economy allows for effective engagement with capitalism

77
Q

What is the quadruple bottom line regarding the health of an economy

A

Economic, social, environmental, cultural

78
Q

What is the economic imperative

A

Profit over social/cultural/environmental good

79
Q

What is indigenous knowledge

A

Holistic, comes from observing and interacting with the environment. Often orally transmitted, traditions based

80
Q

What is matauranga maori

A

Maori knowledge and philosophies, reflective of a maori worldview, connects people with the environment

81
Q

What is matauranga-a-iwi

A

Region specific knowledge, recognises differences in how iwi have interacted with their environment

82
Q

What is rangatiratanga

A

Self determination, governance

MAOR102 (3 decks)

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