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Microbiology II > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

Fungi Classifications (4)

A
  • Zygomycetes
  • Ascomycetes
  • Basidiomycetes
  • Fungi Imperfecti
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2
Q

Zygomycetes

A

forms sporangium where many nuclei undergo meiosis (ballsack, z=biggest)

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3
Q

Ascomycetes

A

forms ascus (4-8 spores in sac- long narrow dick)

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4
Q

Basidiomycetes

A

spores (conidia) bud from basidium- club-shaped terminal cell (baseball bat)

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5
Q

Distinguishing fungi by color (2)

A

Dermaticious (color) vs. hyaline (colorless)

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6
Q

Growth forms (8)

A
  • Yeast
  • Mold
  • pseudohyphae
  • Clamydospores
  • Conidia
  • Macroconidia
  • Arthroconidia
  • Phiaoloconidia
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7
Q

Yeast

A

Smooth, creamy round in culture (ex candida)

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8
Q

Mold

A

Filaments/hyphae, form mycelium, (ex aspergillus)

-form fuzzy,colored colonies

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9
Q

Pseudohyphae

A

fungi growth form where yeast buds elongate but dont separate- looks similar to hyphae but individual cells

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10
Q

Chlamydospores

A

Large round terminal cells with thick walls

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11
Q

Conidia

A

Thick walled dispersion stage, microconidia are tiny ones

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12
Q

Macroconidia

A

Giant conidia, septa walls divide

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13
Q

Arthroconidia

A

Form chain of cells, every other has thick septa dividing, later break along these joints

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14
Q

Phiaoloconidia

A

Dominatrix Randy Trident- conidia chains bud from terminal cells

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15
Q

Types of fungal infections

A

superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic

-primary vs. opportunists

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16
Q

Piedra

A

Superficial fungal infection of hair

17
Q

Tinea (disease, hallmark, exs)

A

superficial infection of skin

  • see lesion with inflamed ring, cleared center
  • exs: trichophyton, epidermophyton, microsporum
  • distinguish by micro/macroconidia, but usually dont ID (just give drug and kill)
18
Q

Tinea Corporis

A

ringworm (tinea on body surface, mainly arms/legs)

19
Q

Tinea Capitis (disease, hallmark)

A

Tinea of head

-Use fluorescent Wood’s Lamp to ID

20
Q

Tinea barbae

A

Tinea of face

21
Q

Tinea pedis

A

Athlete’s foot

22
Q

Tinea unguim

A

aka onychomycosis (fingernail infection)

23
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses

A

Usually infected by trauma, fungi enter. Form abcess, or mycotoma (fungus tumor)

24
Q

Sporothrix Schenkii (disease, common infection, appearance)

A
  • cause of subcutaneous mycosis
  • found in soil, common infection among gardeners, stick with wood
  • elongated yeast
  • looks similar to actinomycetes (bacteria) so need distinguish before treatment
25
Q

Systemic mycoses (hallmark, mode of infection, human/human transmission?, form)

A

endemic to specific area, infect healthy people

  • usually respiratory infection first
  • occupational hazard
  • little human/human transmission
  • Dimorphic (yeast at 37º in infection, hyphae in culture at 30º)
26
Q

Blastomyces Dermatitis (infection type, form, geography)

A

Systemic mycosis

  • visualize with KOH
  • broad-based buds (BBB for BD)
  • found east of mississippi in river banks, beaver dams
27
Q

Histoplasma Capsulatum (culture/tissue appearances, geography, infection)

A
  • systemic mycoses
  • “Black sun” appearance in culture, tiny intracellular yeast in infection(often of macrophages)
  • Ohio/Mississippi river valleys, bird/bat guano soil
28
Q

Coccidioides immitis (geography, form in culture/tissue)

A

Southwest US desert soil

-large spherule in lung, arthroconidia in culture

29
Q

Paracoccidiodes Braziliensis (form, geography)

A

“ships wheel”- yeast with buds

-found in central/south america

30
Q

Candida Albicans (form, infection location, infections)

A
  • tons of morphologies
  • normal flora of mucous membranes (skin, GI, vagina)
  • can cause vaginal infections (no colored discharge like trachomatosis), GI/skin infections in infants, thrush in adults
  • kind of opportunist, so thrush can be sign of immune deficiency
31
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans (form, special stain, infection)

A

Heavily encapsulated yeast, visualize with india ink
-infects brain/meninges
(so commonly confused with s. pneumoniae, h. influenzae, n. meningitides)

32
Q

Opportunistic Pathogens (4)

A
  • Aspergillus
  • Zygomycetes (mucor + rhizopus)
  • pneumocystis jirovecii
  • Candida kind of
33
Q

Aspergillus (infection demographic, body area, form)

A
  • Opportunistic fungus common in neutropenic patients
  • lung infection, can spread to heart/vessels
  • form hyphae in tissue
34
Q

Mucor + Rhizopus (infection, location)

A

Opportunistic fungi that infect nasopharynx, can spread to brain

35
Q

Pneumocystis Jirovecii (infection, patient demographic)

A

Opportunistic fungi

-Rare cause of disease- common in AIDS patients

Microbiology II (7 decks)

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