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LE Micro exam 2; 2015 > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

Cell membrane of Fungus

A

Ergosterol

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2
Q

Cell wall of fungus

A

Chitin, Mannan, Glucan

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3
Q

Fungi that cause disease (less than 1%) have 2 forms:

A

Unicellular: Yeast (spherical/ ovoid/ budding)
Multicellular: Mold (branch/ hyphae)

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4
Q

Dimorphism

A

Exists in 2 forms

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5
Q

What fungus is the exception of dimorphism

A

Candida- only in Mold form

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6
Q

Mycoses 2 types:

A

Endemic

Opportunistic

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7
Q

Endemic

A

All disseminated
Restricted geographically
TRUE pathogen

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8
Q

Opportunistic

A

Disseminated and Subcutaneous (rash)

NOT true pathogen

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9
Q

Fungi are

A

Strict Aerobes/ facultative anaerobes

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10
Q

Primary mechanism for containing fungal infections

A

Neutrophil phagocytosis and killing

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11
Q

T/F Antibody response in killing some fungi is minor

A

True

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12
Q

T/ F T cell mediated immunity is required to eliminate fungal infections

A

True

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13
Q

Fungal entry

A

Intact skin and mucosal surfaces are primary barriers

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14
Q

Histoplasmosis are found:

A

In soil, in the “Histo belt” Middle SE US

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15
Q

Histoplasmosis prevents killing via

A
  1. Modulate high pH

2. Remove growth factors

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16
Q

Blastomycosis are found:

A

In soil, in Mississippi river valley, SE states, Canada, Wisconsin

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17
Q

Blastomycosis causes

A

Skin lesions

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18
Q

Coccidoidmycosis also known as

A

Valley Fever/ Desert rheumatism

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19
Q

Coccidoidmycosis are found:

A

in Lower Sonoran area, Arizona, Southern California, New Mexico, Texas

20
Q

Coccidoidmycosis can cause

A

Chronic Meningitis

21
Q

What is the most frequent opportunistic fungal pathogen

A

Candida

22
Q

Pneumocytosis only causes 1 disease

A

Pneumonia

23
Q

Polyenes target

A

Ergosterol

24
Q

Azole targets

A

Ergosterol synthesis

25
Q

Itraconazole takes how many months to work

A

6-12 Months

26
Q

Reticuloendothelial system infection

A

From histoplasmosis
Organism prevents killing by:
Modulating pH, removing growth factors from phagocytic cell

27
Q

T/F Most histoplasma infections produce no/ mild symptoms

A

True

28
Q

Acute disseminated histoplasmosis:

A

Cell mediated immune deficiencies such as T cell fxn defects

29
Q

Chronic Disseminated histoplasmosis

A

In older adults with no obvious immune deficiency. Without Tx, patients die of infection of major organs

30
Q

Disseminated coccidiodiomycosis

A

Dark skinned individuals, pregnant women, immunocompromised

31
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses: 4 species

A
  1. Candida
  2. Cryptococcus neoformans
  3. Aspergillosis
  4. Mucormycosis- man missing face
32
Q

Candida:

A 
Round, oval yeast
Budding
Hyphae
Endogenous
Thrush -white lesions
33
Q

Cryptococcus Neoformans:

A

Yeast in soil, bird poop

Produce large polysaccharide capsule- protection

34
Q

C. neoformans can cause:

A

Meningitis

35
Q

C. Aspergillosus:

A 
Outbreak in steroid
Ubiquitous
Septated Hyphae
Inhale into Upper and lower rest tract
ANGIOINVASIVE
36
Q

Mucormycosis:

A

Hyphae
Rhinocerebral form: diabetes risk - missing face
Disseminated mucormycosis: pulmonary lesions

37
Q

Rhinocerebral is from which species

A

Mucormycosis

38
Q

Dermatophyte

A

Tinea= worm

39
Q

What is the most common fungal infection

A

Dermatophyte

40
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis

A

Patches with greasy scales in facial hair and scalp

41
Q

Tinea versicolor

A

Hypo/ hyper pigmented patches

42
Q

Alopecia due to dermatophyte

A

Patchy hair loss

43
Q

ONLY 1 geophilic

A

Chromoblastomycosis: wart like lesion on foot

44
Q

Damage of dermatophyte

A

Centrifugal pattern

Inflamed margin

45
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses: Sporothrix schenchkii= also known as

A

“Rose growers disease”, dimorphic, on vegetation, moss, decaying wood, vegetation

46
Q

Antifungal therapy:

A

Echinocandins- newest

-Caspofungin and Micafungin

LE Micro exam 2; 2015 (5 decks)

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