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biology quiz on bacteria, archaea, protists, and fungi > fungi > Flashcards

fungi Flashcards

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1
Q

opisthikonta

A

eukaryotic supergroup, includes some protists, animals, and fungi

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2
Q

how many flagellum did the common ancestor of fungi have?

A

one

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3
Q

how did fungi originate?

A

from aquatic habitats

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4
Q

fungi came from what kind of protist

A

protists related to amoeboe who feed by engulfing cells

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5
Q

distinguishing features for fungi:

A

rigid chitin walls, osmotrophy, mutualism, loss of flagella, secrete hyphae and fruiting bodies

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6
Q

fungal cell walls are enclosed by what

A

a tough cell wall called chitin

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7
Q

chitin

A

composed of sugar and polymer, prevents phagocytosis

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8
Q

how do fungi eat?

A

on substarate using osmotrophy

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9
Q

What makes fungi unique?

A

mycelium made of hyphae, may be aseptate or septate, fruiting bodies responsible for reproduction, spores by meiosis

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10
Q

hyphae:

A

filaments of mycelium

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11
Q

aseptate

A

not divided

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12
Q

septate

A

divided

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13
Q

cytokinesis:

A

division at the end of mitosis/meiosis

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14
Q

aseptate hyphae are….

A

early diverging

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15
Q

are aseptate hyphae divided?

A

no

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16
Q

how are asepate hyphae divided?

A

nuclei divided with out cytokinesis

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17
Q

coenocyte:

A

a cell with mutiple nuclei, result from nuclear divisions without cytokinesis

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18
Q

septate hyphae are…

A

later diverging

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19
Q

do septate hyphae do nuclear divisions?

A

yes

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20
Q

septa are what

A

crosswalls dividing cells of mycelium

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21
Q

growth process:

A

mycelia grow quickly when there is food

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22
Q

why is extensive branching good?

A

because there is more food

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23
Q

how do fungi reproduce?

A

using microscopic spores or asexual clones

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24
Q

when is asexual reproduction good

A

when fungi are well adapted and spread to similar enviornments

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25
Q

when is sexual reproduction good?

A

may allow for colonization of new habitats

26
Q

asexual reproduction is ideal for…

A

rapid spread

27
Q

do asexual reproduction have fruiting bodies?

A

no

28
Q

do asexual reproductions involves meiosis?

A

no

29
Q

how does asexual reproduction work in fungi?

A

spores grow at the tips of hyphae, reproduce by budding

30
Q

what are asexual fungi known for?

A

food spoilage, allergies, disesase

31
Q

Sexual reproduction in fungi involves

A

union of gamete and zygote, and meiosis

32
Q

sexual reproduction in fungi is…

A

haploid dominant

33
Q

how does sexual reproduction in fungi work?

A

hyphae branches find each other by peptides and then fuse

34
Q

fruiting bodies

A

a mated mycelium may produce one, they emerge from substrate

35
Q

what kind of spores do fruiting bodies produce?

A

haploid spores

36
Q

fungi spores have…

A

a tough chitin wall in case the environment is stressful

37
Q

how are fungal spores dispersed?

A

by wind, rain, or animals

38
Q

if the spores find a good habitat they will grow into what

A

a haploid mycelia

39
Q

are all fruiting bodies edible

A

some are, others are toxic, some make you trip balls

40
Q

cryptomycota

A

single cells found in water and soil

41
Q

chytridmycota

A

live in moist soil or water, some are pathogens, decomposers, or parasites

42
Q

Cryptomycota and chytridmycota are

A

CCBS

43
Q

MABS have what?

A

symbiotic relationship with plants, all are decomposers in symbiotic relationships

44
Q

Haploid

A

when asexual reproduction happens

45
Q

dikaryotic is when

A

nuclei haven’t fused together

46
Q

sexual reproduction is

A

haploid/diploid

47
Q

mycromycota

A

mutually beneficial partnerships with plant roots

48
Q

could plants colonize land without fungi?

A

no

49
Q

ascomycota

A

hyphae subdivided by septa with simple pores

50
Q

ascomycota produce…

A

dikaryotic mycelia

51
Q

ascomycota have a

A

short diploid phase

52
Q

basidomycota

A

hyphae subdivided by septa with complex pore

53
Q

basidomycota are

A

important decomposers and symbiosis

54
Q

how do basidomycota reproduce?

A

hyphae grow out to meet eachother, form dikaryotic cells then unite to make diploid stage, meiosis to form haploid cells

55
Q

Predatory fungi use

A

specialized hyphae to trap small soil animals

56
Q

fungal plant pathogens”

A

5,000 species, cause crop disesase

57
Q

how are fungal plant pathogens stopped

A

by fungicide and protecting importation of infected materials

58
Q

animal pathogens:

A

negatively affected by fungi, forces increased metabolism

59
Q

fungi are essential…

A

decomposers

60
Q

fungi release what from organix debris and dead organisms

A

minerals

61
Q

biotechnology applications of fungi

A

fuel, food production

biology quiz on bacteria, archaea, protists, and fungi (3 decks)

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