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MOD Microbiology > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

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1
Q

List the superficial fungal infections

A

1) Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea Versicolor)
2) Tinea Nigra
3) Dermatophytes
- Tinea Corporis, Cruris, Pedis, Capitis, Unguium, Barbae
4) Sporothrix Schenckii
5) Chromoblastomycosis

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2
Q

List the Fungi-like bacteria

A

1) Actinomyces

2) Nocardia Asteroides

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3
Q

Pityriasis Versicolor Sx

A

1) Hyperpigmentation and Hypopigmentation

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4
Q

What is Pityriasis Versicolor caused by

A

Malassezia

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5
Q

What is Tinea Nigra caused by

A

Hortaea (Exophaiala) Werneckii

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6
Q

Tinea Nigra Sx

A

Dark brown/black spots often on palms and soles

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7
Q

Cytological appearance of Malassezia

A

1) Hyphae and Spores

“ Spaghetti and Meatballs

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8
Q

Dermatophytes Sx

A

Pruritic, scaly, circular rash, erythematous ring

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9
Q

Tinea Corporis

A

Main Body circular rash

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10
Q

Tinea Cruris

A

Groin/scrotum “jock itch”

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11
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

Feet esp. toes “ athlete’s foot”

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12
Q

Tinea capitis

A

Scalp and perdom in children

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13
Q

Tinea Unguium (Onchomycosis)

A

Nails

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14
Q

Tinea Barbae

A

Hair

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15
Q

Where Sporothrix Schenckii Found

A

Soil and on Plants (thorns, wood)

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16
Q

Sporothrix Schenckii is associated with _______

A

Gardening “Rose Gardener’s Disease

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17
Q

Disease caused by Sporothrix Schenckii

A

1) Sporotrichosis

- Subcutaneous ulcerative nodules

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18
Q

What does the Sporothrix Schenckii follow?

A

Proximally and Lymphatics

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19
Q

Sx of Chromoblastomycosis

A

1) Violet wart-like lesion (Cauliflower wart)

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20
Q

What is the protective fungal form of Chromoblastomycosis

A

Sclerotic Bodies - resistant to immune rxn

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21
Q

Transmission of Chromoblastomycosis

A

1) Traumatic implantation (Splinters, Thorns)

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22
Q

Where is Chromoblastomycosis found

A

Tropical/Subtropical

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23
Q

Disease conditions of candida albicans

A

1) Oral Thrush
2) Vaginitis
3) Rash

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24
Q

How do you diagnose Candida Albicans

A

Scraping, brushing biopsy, culture

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25
Q

Silver stain with pseudohyphae and spores is indicative of ____

A

Candida albicans

26
Q

What causes Diaper rash

A

Candida Albicans

27
Q

Where does the Candida Albicans rash usually appear?

A

1) Morbid Obesity

2) Diabetics

28
Q

Oral thrush can lead to ____

A

Esophagitis

29
Q

Histoplasma, Blasatomyces, Coccidiodes”

1) Shape
2) Common disease
3) Common pathological morphology
4) Spread and Population
5) Diagnosis
6) What increased cell in blood

A

1) Dimorphic
2) Primary Lung Infection
3) Granulomas
4) Hematogenously and Immunosuppressed
5) Biopsy/cytology and culture
6) Increased Eosinophils

30
Q

Location of Histoplasma Capsulatum

A

**Caving and Chicken Farms

1) Ohio River Valley
2) Missouri
3) Mississippi

31
Q

Transmission of Histoplasma Capsulatum

A

1) Bird and Bat Dropping: Caves and Chicken Farms

32
Q

Disease caused by Histoplasma Capsulatum

A

1) Calcified Lesions on CXR

2) pneumonia

33
Q

States where Blastomyces is common

A

Mississippi River Valley and North of Great Lakes

34
Q

What is Blastomyces found in

A

Soil and Rotten Wood

35
Q

Sx of Blastomyces Dermatitidis

A

Pneumonia and Cutaneous plaques (Disseminated Blastomyces)

36
Q

Where is Coccidioides immitis found

A

1) Southwestern US desert areas

37
Q

Sx of Coccidioides Immitis

A

“Valley Fever”

- Self-limited acute pneumonia

38
Q

In a lung biopsy of an infected coccidioides immitis pt what would you find?

A

Spherule (in an GMS stain)

39
Q

What is Cryptococcus Neoformans found in

A

Pigeon Droppings

40
Q

How to Diagnose Cryptococcus Neoformans

A

1) Brochoalveolar Lavage

2) Lumbar Puncture

41
Q

When doing a lumbar puncture to test for Cryptococcus Neoformans you use a ____ stain that shows ____.

A

1) India Ink

2) Clearing around capsule: Polysaccharide capsule

42
Q

Manifestation of Cryptococcus Neoformans

A

1) Meningoencephalitis

43
Q

Sx of Meningoencephalitis of Cryptococcus Neoformans

A

1) Fever
2) Headache
3) Stiff neck
4) Photophobia

44
Q

Transmission of Cryptococcus Neoformans

A

Aerosolized

45
Q

Cryptococcus Gattii infects ___ and is found in ____ in the ___ part of the USA. It present similar to _____ and also shows____.

A

1) Immunocompetent
2) Fir
3) Pacific Northwest
4) Cryptococcus Neoformans
5) Pulmonary Manifestations

46
Q

What is the AIDS defininf illness

A

Pneumocystis Jiroveci (Carinii)

47
Q

Morphology of Pneumocystis Jiroveci

A

Crushed “Ping pong ball” shape

48
Q

Sx of Pneumocystis Jiroveci

A

1) Fever
2) SOB
3) Nonproductive cough

49
Q

How is Aspergillus transmitted?

A

1) Grains
2) Peanuts
3) Corn
4) Rice

50
Q

Diseases caused by Aspergillus

A

1) Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis

2) Aspergilloma: Lung cavitation fills with aspergillus “ Fungus ball”

51
Q

hyphae with acute branching is characteristic of ____

A

Aspergillus

52
Q

Aspergillus toxin

A

Aflatoxin: found in food

53
Q

Consequences of Aspergillus in food

A

1) Chronic Liver Injury

2) Hepatocellular Carcinoma

54
Q

What is the most common infection caused by Mucormycosis Zygomycosis

A

Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection

55
Q

____ grows well in increased glucose and Zygomycosis

A

Mucormycosis

56
Q

What potentiates Mucormycosis by delivering iron to fungi

A

Deferoxamine

57
Q

What is Deferoxamine

A

Iron chelator used in iron overload

58
Q

Who is at risk for Mucormycosis infection

A

1) immunocompromised
- Diabetes (Diabetic Ketoacidosis)
- Organ Transplant pts

59
Q

Rinocerebral Mucormycosis Sx

what causes it?

A

1) Acute sinusitis –> involves palate, orbit, and brain
- rapidly fatal

2) Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis)

60
Q

Disease of Actinomyces.

What is Actinomyces

A

1) Eroding abscess in Cervicofacial region

2) Gram Positive filamentous bacteria

61
Q

Histologically what is characteristic of Actinomyces

A

Sulfur Granule - aggregates of Actinomyces mixed w/ debree

62
Q

Nocardia asteroides is an ____ staining filamentous bacteria that infects ___ hosts. It is ____ transmitted and causes ___ and ___. It is very similar to __.

A

1) Acid Fast
2) Immunocompromised
3) Aerosolized
4) Pneumonia
5) Cavitations
6) Tb

MOD Microbiology (5 decks)

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