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PA20319 > Fungal Infections > Flashcards

Fungal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Three types of Ringworm.

A

Tinea corporis (skin), Tinea cruris (groin), Tinea capitis (scalp).

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2
Q

First line Ringworm treatment (Corporis and Cruris).

A

Corporis and Cruris: Topical clotrimazole, econazole, miconazole or Terbinafine for over 12s only. Topical corticosteriods combination for high inflammation.

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3
Q

Ringworm treatment (Corporis and Cruris) if topical fails or immunocompromised.

A

Oral therapy.
Terbinafine 250mg daily (for 2-4wks Cruris or 4wks Coporis).
Itraconazole 100mg daily for 15day or 200mg daily for 7days.

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4
Q

Tinea Capitis treatment.

A

Rural: Griseofulvin 1g daily for 8-10wks + 2wks after improvement.
Urban: Terbinafine 250mg daily for 4wks.

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5
Q

Tinea Pedis (Athlete’s foot) First line treatment.

A

Imidazole cream 2-4wks.

Terbinafine cream 1wk.

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6
Q

Tinea Pedis (Athlete’s foot) if topical treatment fails or severe infection.

A

Oral:
Terbinafine 250mg daily for 2-6wks.
Itraconazole 100mg daily 30d or 200mg twice daily for 7d.
Griseofulvin – 500mg daily for 4-8wks (and at least two weeks after symptoms resolved).

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7
Q

Causative species of Tinea pedis.

A

Trichophyton rubrum,
T. mentagrophytes,
Epidermophyon floccosum.

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8
Q

What is Onychomycosis and causative species.

A 
Fungal nail infection.
T. rubrum, 
T. mentagrophytes,
E. floccosum,
Candida.
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9
Q

Dermatophyte infection first line systemic managment.

A

Terbinafine 250 daily for 6wks to 3months (finger nails) 3-6months (toe nails).
For candida first line is itraconazole 200mg BD for 7 days then 21 day intervals. 2 pulses for fingernails, 3 for toenails.

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10
Q

Why would you use amorolfine as topical management of Dermatophyte infection.

A

Mild/superficial disease.

People who can’t take systemic.

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11
Q

Pityriasis versicolor First line treatment.

A

Topical: Ketoconazole shampoo, Selenium sulphide shampoo, Clotrimazole, econazole, ketoconazole or miconazole creams.

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12
Q

Pityriasis versicolor if First line treatment fails or infection is widespread.

A

Oral Itraconazole 200mg daily for 7 days

OR fluconazole 50mg daily for 2-4wks.

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13
Q

Oropharyngeal candidia treatment.

A

1st line- miconazole oral gel 7days.
2nd line- Nystatin suspension 7days.
Oral- 50mg Fluconazole 7-14 days.

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14
Q

Genital candidiasis treatment.

A 
Topical imidazoles (1-3days).
Oral intraconazole 200mg BD for 1 day.
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15
Q

Cutaneous candidiasis management.

A

Skin care advice, topical imidazole, fluconazole 50mg daily for 2-4wks if severe.

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16
Q

Who gets serious fungal infections?

A

Neutropenic patients (low neutrophil count) - chemo, immunosuppressed.
Intestive care unit patients.
Patients with Central IV catheters.
HIV/AIDs.
Transplant patients (anti-rejection medication).
Long course corticosteriods.

17
Q

4 types of Candidiasis

A

Catheter, acute/chronic disseminated, Deep organ.

18
Q

What is an Aspergilloma.

A

Growth of fungal ball in pre-existing cavity.

19
Q

What can the Aspergillus genus lead to.

A

Pulmonary infection.

20
Q

What can the Cryptococcus genus lead to.

A

Pulmonary infection and Invasive CNS disease.

21
Q

What can the Histoplasma genus lead to.

A

Histoplasmosis, pulmonary diease and can disseminate.

22
Q

Types of antifungal.

A

Azoles (imidazole and triazoles).
Echinocandins (caspofugin and anidulfungin).
Polyenes (amphoterocin).
Nucleoside analogues.

23
Q

Method of antifungal - Azoles.

A

Decreased ergosterol biosynthesis in cell membrane by inhibition of fungal CYP450s.

24
Q

Method of antifungal - Echinocandins.

A

Inhibiton of beta-1,3-glycan synthesis in cell wall.

25
Q

Method of antifungal - Polyenes

A

Ergosterol disruption in cell membrane by creating pores.

26
Q

Method of antifungal - Nucleoside analogues.

A

Inhibition of DNA/RNA synthesis in nucleus.

PA20319 (6 decks)

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