Fungal Infections Flashcards
what are fungi?
eukaryotes
unicellular/filamentous vegetative structures
budding/binary fission
surrounded by chitin cell wall
what are yeasts?
single oval cells often produced by budding
what are moulds?
multicellular and composed of tubules or filaments called hyphae
what is candida albicans?
spherical or oval budding yeast - single cells = blastophores, pseudohyphae and true hyphae
forms round thick walled resting structures - chlamdydospores
what is superficial candidosis?
pseudomembranous candidosis
mucosal infection - white pseudomembrane, removed by wiping
oral candidosis may present how?
pmc
erythematous candidosis
angular chellitis
chronic hyperplastic candidosis
when is erythematous candidosis common?
denture wearing
red swollen inflamed gingivae
C albicans colonises denture
what is antibiotic sore mouth?
suppression of normal oral bacteria flora
overgrowth by c albicans
broad spec antibiotics especially tetracycline
what is angular chellitis?
erythema and fissures in angulum oris
denture wearers
vit b12 deficiency
overgrowth of c albincans at side of mouth
what is chronic hyperplastic candidosis?
white patches that cant be rubbed off
small number can become malignant
what are risk factors for candidiasis?
denture hygiene medications immunosuppression xerostomia endocrine dysfunction moisture/poor oh smoking blood diseases
types of anytifungal agents?
polyenes - amphoterin B/nystatin
imadizoles
triazoles
how does nystatin work?
antibiotic derived from strep nouresei effective against all candida species resistance is rare binds to ergosterol in lipid membranes = membrane is leaky topical
how does amphotericin B work?
antibiotic derived from step nodosus
effective against all candida species - some resistance occasionally
binds to ergosterol in fungal lipid membrane = membrane leaky
IV infusion
RENAL DAMAGE
