fungal Flashcards

1
Q

what fungus

A

single or multicellular organism which can be pathogenic

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2
Q

describe the difference in a fungal cell vs human cell membrane

A

cell wall made up of
manoproteins
b 1 -3 glucan
b 1 -6 glucans

in membrane
ergosterol
b 1 -3 glucan synthase

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3
Q

what the main antifungal drugs

A

polyenes
azoles
allylamines
echinocandins
flucytosine

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4
Q

describe the routes of polyenes and their toxicitys

A

oral - non toxic
iv - very toxic use for life threat

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5
Q

describe the spectrum of the polyene

A

broad

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6
Q

give an example of polyene

A

amphotericin B

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7
Q

MOA polyene

A

bind to egosterol in membrane forming pore
leak of K+ / Mg2+
causing cell death

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8
Q

what type of antifungal is polyene

A

fungicidal

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9
Q

What are 2 types of azoles

A

imidazole
triazoles

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10
Q

describe the spectrum of the 2 azoles

A

imidazole - dermatophytes, candidiasis

triazoles - broad

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11
Q

describe the route of the 2 azoles

A

imidazole - topical

triazole - depends on infection

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12
Q

describe azole moa

A

inhibit lanosterol 14 alpha demethylaze
interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis
disrupts plasma membrane

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13
Q

what type of antifungal is an azole

A

fungistatic

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14
Q

describe the spectrum of allyamine

A

mainly dermatophytes, nail infections and ringworm

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15
Q

describe the moa of allyamine

A

inhibits squalene epoxidase
preventing formation of lanosterol
stopping the formation of ergosterol

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16
Q

what the of antifungal is allyamine

A

fungistatic

17
Q

describe the spectrum of echinocandins

A

broad often being used for serious systemic infections

18
Q

describe the moa of echinocandin

A

inhibit the production of b1-3 glucan via b glucan synthase

19
Q

what type of antifungal is echinocandin

A

fungicidal

20
Q

what is the route of flucytosine

A

orla or iv

21
Q

what is the spectrum of flucytosine

A

used in combination with other drugs for

severe cryptococcal or candida system infection

22
Q

what is the moa of flucytosine

A

converted into 5 FU where disrupts RNA / DNA syntehsis

23
Q

what type of antifungal is flucytosine

A

fungistatic

24
Q

what is the treatment for candidiasis

A

azole , polyenes

25
what is the treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis
fluconazole
26
what is the treatment for candidiasis of nail
topical use of amorolfine for 6months
27
what is the treatment of dermatophytosis
head - griseofulvin or terbinafine skin - topical imidazoles nails - amorolfine for 6 months
28
what is the treatment of aspergillosis
voriconazole
29
what us the treatment of pityriasis
antifungal creams e.g. fluconazole