fungal Flashcards
what fungus
single or multicellular organism which can be pathogenic
describe the difference in a fungal cell vs human cell membrane
cell wall made up of
manoproteins
b 1 -3 glucan
b 1 -6 glucans
in membrane
ergosterol
b 1 -3 glucan synthase
what the main antifungal drugs
polyenes
azoles
allylamines
echinocandins
flucytosine
describe the routes of polyenes and their toxicitys
oral - non toxic
iv - very toxic use for life threat
describe the spectrum of the polyene
broad
give an example of polyene
amphotericin B
MOA polyene
bind to egosterol in membrane forming pore
leak of K+ / Mg2+
causing cell death
what type of antifungal is polyene
fungicidal
What are 2 types of azoles
imidazole
triazoles
describe the spectrum of the 2 azoles
imidazole - dermatophytes, candidiasis
triazoles - broad
describe the route of the 2 azoles
imidazole - topical
triazole - depends on infection
describe azole moa
inhibit lanosterol 14 alpha demethylaze
interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis
disrupts plasma membrane
what type of antifungal is an azole
fungistatic
describe the spectrum of allyamine
mainly dermatophytes, nail infections and ringworm
describe the moa of allyamine
inhibits squalene epoxidase
preventing formation of lanosterol
stopping the formation of ergosterol
what the of antifungal is allyamine
fungistatic
describe the spectrum of echinocandins
broad often being used for serious systemic infections
describe the moa of echinocandin
inhibit the production of b1-3 glucan via b glucan synthase
what type of antifungal is echinocandin
fungicidal
what is the route of flucytosine
orla or iv
what is the spectrum of flucytosine
used in combination with other drugs for
severe cryptococcal or candida system infection
what is the moa of flucytosine
converted into 5 FU where disrupts RNA / DNA syntehsis
what type of antifungal is flucytosine
fungistatic
what is the treatment for candidiasis
azole , polyenes
what is the treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis
fluconazole
what is the treatment for candidiasis of nail
topical use of amorolfine for 6months
what is the treatment of dermatophytosis
head - griseofulvin or terbinafine
skin - topical imidazoles
nails - amorolfine for 6 months
what is the treatment of aspergillosis
voriconazole
what us the treatment of pityriasis
antifungal creams e.g. fluconazole
