Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ophthalmology > Fundus > Flashcards

Fundus Flashcards

1
Q

What species is this fundus from?

A

Normal feline fundus

Atapetal. No choroidal pigment

Choroidal vessels visible

Hypopigmented animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What species is this fundus from?

A

Normal Feline Fundus

3 major venules: leave the disk edge with 3 major artegment in choroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What species is this fundus from?

A

Normal Canine Fundus

usually 3 or 5 major venules

Cross the disc edge

Form a circle on the optic disc surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What species is this fundus from?

A

Normal Canine fundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What species is this fundus from?

A

Normal Equine fundus

30-60 small blood vessels extend a short distance from the disk edge

Oval, pink optic disc in the non tapetum

“Stars of winslow” end on capillaries in tapetum (small dark dots)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What species is this fundus from?

A

Rabbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What species is this fundus from?

A

Normal Avian Fundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Is this hypo or hyperreflectivity?

A

Hyperreflectivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is this hypo or hyperreflectivity?

A

Hyporeflectivity

consistent with an edematous/infiltrated retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What abnormalities are these images an example of?

A

retinal dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the lesion the arrow on the left is indicating to?

A

Coloboma- congenital defect/absence of tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the lesion indicated in this picture?

A

Optic Nerve hypoplasia- small optic nerve head with visual deficits.

The miniature poodle is predisposed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is progressive retinal atrophy

A

Autosomal recessive hereditary disease, where there is a progressive loss of rods and then cones.

This is an irreversible change with no treatment.

Secondary cataracts are common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is hypertensive Chorioretinopathy?

A

Patients often present for acute blindness. Dilated and unresponsive pupils. Retinal detachment with retinal and vitreal hemorrhages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What treatments are recommended in hypertensive chorioretinopathy

A

identify and treat the underlying cause

Calcium channel blockers- amlodipine +/- ACE inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the lesions indicated in these images?

A

May be total or subtotal. Most common Ddx: hypertensive chorioretinopathy, chorioretinitis, congenital lesions, post-intraocular surgery

17
Q

How will treatment of Taurine retinopathy affect the outcome of the case?

A

If the deficiency is corrected, disease progression will be prevented, but not reversed.

18
Q

At what dose is Enrofloxacin contraindicated?

A

>5mg/kg PO SID

Causes retinal degeneration- dilated pupils are the first CS.

Potentially use a “blackout” treatment

19
Q

what is an alternative medication to use instead of enrofloxacin?

A

Pradofloxacin

20
Q

Ivermectin toxicity ocular impact

A

Causes an acute blindness + pupil changes + neuro signs.

Fundic changes: retinal folds + edema

Blindness is usually transient and can be reversible once the ivermectin is removed from their system .

21
Q

what are causes of Chorioretinitis?

A

Infectious, neoplastic, immune-mediated/inflammatory causes- uveitis lectures

22
Q

how do you treat Chorioretinitis?

A

Treat underlying cause

Symptomatic treatment of the chorioretinal inflammation (systemic anti-inflammatory medication)

23
Q

What condition are these hyporeactive lesions associated with

A

Chorioretinitis.

24
Q

What is the common signalment of Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration syndrome SARDS?

A

Fat, Five, Female

25
Q

What condition is this image an example of?

A

Optic Neuritis- this is a clinical syndrome rather than a single disease- usually this is a bilateral finding.

Blind: pupils are fixed and dilated

26
Q

What are causes of optic neuritis?

A

infectious diseases: bacterial, viral, fungal

Inflammatory/immune-mediated

Nenoplastic

Trauma

idiopathic (~50%)

27
Q

how do you treat optic neuritis?

A

Treat the underlying cause

Systemic anti-infalmmatory drugs

28
Q

What are the 4 signs of Fundic Disease

A

Vision-loss (day versus night)

Dilated, poorly/non-responsive pupils

Decreased absent dazzle reflex

Changed tapetal reflectivity

Ophthalmology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions