Fundamentals Of The Nervous System Flashcards
Central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
Integration
Command center
Integration
Interpretation of sensory input
Peripheral nervous system
Spinal and cranial nerves
Carries signals to and fro CNS
Afferent division
Conveys impulses to the CNS from the PNS.
Somatic carries impulses from skin, skeletal muscle and joints
Visceral carries impulses from organs to brain
Efferent division
Transmits impulses from the CNS to the effector organs.
Brings motor responses.
Contract muscle, gland secretion
Somatic nervous system
Impulses from CNS to muscles
Voluntary nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Visceral motor nerve fibers
Involuntary nervous system
Sympathetic
Prepares body for emergencies
Fight or flight
Parasympathetic
Conserves energy and promotes nonemergency functions
Neuroglia
Supporting cells.
Neurons
Excitable cells that transmit electrical signals
Cell body
Soma. Contains nucleus and nucleolus 1 or more projected processes No centrioles Contains axon hillock Most are in CNS, Ganglia in PNS Receptive surface
Dendrite
Branches
Receptive area of neuron
Axon
Generate and transmit action potentials from cell body to axon terminal
Secrete neurotransmitters
Myelin sheath
Protect axon
Insulates fibers from one another
Increases nerve impulse speed
Whitish, fatty segmented around axon
