Fundamentals of Synthesizer Programming Ch. 4 - Controllers Flashcards
The _____ _____ is used to produce envelopes as control signals on a synthesizer.
envelope generator
Which part of the synthesis model does an EG send a control signal to to shape loudness?
amplifier
Which stage in an envelope determines the amount of time it takes for loudness to go from silence to maximum level?
attack
What does decay determine?
how quickly the sound begins to die away after the attack stage is completed
The _____ stage sets the level held from the end of the decay stage to key off.
sustain
If sustain is set to 100%, the setting for the _____ stage is irrelevant.
decay
Which stage in an envelope determines the amount of time it takes for the sound to die away after a key is released?
release
Which stage is a level setting?
sustain
The filter EG does not affect loudness, but instead controls the filter’s _____ _____.
cutoff frequencies
What can the amount control on the filter EG be thought of as?
“range” control for filter EG, which adjusts how much effect the envelope has on the cutoff frequency
When using a filter EG, you typically want to set the cutoff frequency to a _____ frequency so you can hear it sweep the audio spectrum as it follows the envelope.
lower
True or False? Changes to your filter EG may have no effect if the amplifier EG is not set to complementary values.
true
Route an EG to a(n) _____ in order for pitch to follow an envelope as you hold a key.
oscillator
In which mode will the envelope generators be triggered when a key is pressed, but will not be retriggered when other keys are pressed until the first key is released?
single-trigger
In which mode will the envelope generators retrigger an attack stage with every keystroke, whether previous keys have been released or not?
multi-trigger
When a(n) _____ is used as a controller, pitch, timbre, or loudness will change in a cyclical, repetitive manner and follow the shape of a waveform.
LFO
An LFO routed to a(n) _____ will result in a change in timbre.
filter
What is the frequency range of an LFO?
less than 1Hz to 20Hz
Which LFO control determines the amount of change (high and low) to the destination?
amount/depth
What can be used to achieve more subtle control of LFO depth over time?
physical performance controllers such as modulation wheels
What inputs and outputs do analog S/H modules have?
- input for sampling (measuring) incoming voltage signal
- output for sending control signal derived from sampled input
What kinds of modules can send signals to the input of an S/H module?
source or controller
With an analog synth, the keyboard sends a _____ signal to an EG in order to initiate its attack and release stages.
gate
In order to control pitch, the keyboard sends a control voltage signal to the _____ measured at 1 volt per octave.
oscillator
In order to control the timbre, the keyboard sends a control voltage signal to the _____.
filter
_____ smooths the transition from one note to another as you play, causing the pitches to glide up and down rather than moving in discrete steps.
portamento/glide
A _____ _____ keyboard measures the speed at which you strike the keys and translates this measurement into “soft” or “loud.”
velocity sensitive
A keyboard with _____ measures the pressure exerted at the bottom of the key travel and translates this measurement into a control signal.
aftertouch
